A properly working windshield washer pump is crucial for keeping your windshield clear while driving. A bad or failing washer pump can make it difficult to clear dirt, grime, and debris from your windshield, reducing visibility and creating unsafe driving conditions.
Page Contents
Signs Your Windshield Washer Pump May Be Bad
There are a few key signs that could indicate your windshield washer pump needs to be replaced:
- Washer fluid doesn’t spray when activated – If you press the washer button or lever and no fluid comes out, it likely means the pump is not working.
- Spray is weak – Over time, the pump may gradually start to lose pressure and spray washer fluid weakly or inconsistently.
- Pump runs but doesn’t spray – You may hear the electric washer pump motor running when you activate it, but no fluid comes out. This points to a problem with the pump.
- Specks or particles in the spray – If you notice dirt, debris or specks coming out of the washer nozzles, it could be due to a failing pump drawing in contaminants.
- Burning smell from pump – A burning odor may indicate an electrical issue with the windshield washer pump motor.
If you notice any of these signs, it’s a good idea to test the washer pump and troubleshoot the cause.
Testing the Windshield Washer Pump
You can perform a few simple tests to determine if the windshield washer pump needs to be replaced:
Check the washer fluid level
Make sure the washer fluid reservoir under the hood is adequately filled. Your owner’s manual will indicate the proper fluid level. If the reservoir is empty, fill it up and test the spray again.
Check the pump electrical connection
Turn the wipers on to activate the pump. If you don’t hear the pump motor running, turn off the wipers and check that the pump electrical connector is securely plugged into the motor. Reconnect it if loose.
Apply voltage directly to the pump
If the motor still doesn’t run, turn off the wipers and disconnect the washer pump wiring harness. Use a set of jumper cables and connect the positive cable to the positive terminal on the pump motor and the negative cable to the negative terminal. This bypasses the wiper switch and tests the pump directly. If it runs, the issue is likely a faulty switch.
Check for clogged or jammed components
If the motor runs but no fluid sprays out, turn off the wipers and inspect the washer tubing, nozzles, and reservoir inlet filter for any clogs or obstructions preventing fluid flow. Clear out any debris.
Check nozzle spray pattern
Run the pump and visually inspect the spray pattern from each nozzle. Weak or irregular spray may mean there is a leak in the washer tubing or that a nozzle is clogged.
Windshield Washer Pump Replacement
If testing confirms that the windshield washer pump is faulty, replacement is necessary. Here are some tips for replacing your washer pump:
Purchase the correct replacement pump
Your owner’s manual or local auto parts store can help you find the specific pump compatible with your vehicle make and model. Pumps are often reasonably priced, between $20-$50.
Locate the pump under the hood
The windshield washer pump is usually located under the hood in the engine bay, mounted near the washer fluid reservoir. Consult your owner’s manual for the exact location.
Disconnect the electrical connector
Turn off the vehicle and disconnect the electrical plug from the pump motor. Also disconnect the fluid tubing leading to and from the pump.
Remove the old pump
Refer to the service manual to find the specific instructions for removing your vehicle’s washer pump. In most cases, you’ll remove mounting bolts and then pull the old pump off its bracket.
Install the new pump
Follow the reverse steps to mount the new pump onto the bracket and reinstall any fasteners. Reconnect the fluid tubes and the electrical connector.
Refill washer fluid and test operation
Fill the washer fluid reservoir and turn on the wipers to prime the system and test spray from the nozzles. Make sure the new pump operates smoothly before driving.
DIY vs Professional Replacement
While a mechanically-inclined DIYer can replace a windshield washer pump, there are some advantages to having it done professionally:
Diagnosing other issues
A professional mechanic can check for underlying problems like leaks, electrical faults, or other damaged components that may be causing pump failure.
Ensuring proper installation
Mechanics have specialized tools and experience installing washer pumps specifically for your vehicle. This can ensure a smooth replacement.
Manufacturer warranty
Most professional pump replacements will include a manufacturer warranty. DIY repairs likely won’t.
Cost savings on labor
While a shop charges labor costs, a DIY job only requires purchasing the new pump. This can result in significant savings.
Convenience
Having a mechanic replace your washer pump is quick and convenient compared to doing it yourself.
Carefully consider these factors when deciding whether to DIY or use a professional.
Preventing Windshield Washer Pump Failure
You can minimize the chances of your washer pump failing and extend its life by following a few simple maintenance tips:
- Check windshield washer fluid levels regularly and refill as needed. Run the system occasionally to prevent fluid stagnation.
- Use high-quality washer fluid with antifreeze during winter and a cleaning formula in summer.
- Clear any blocked or clogged nozzles that could cause backpressure.
- Check tubing and hose connections for cracks or deterioration and replace as needed.
- Clean off any dirt or debris around the pump motor and mounting bracket.
- Have any electrical faults with the washer system repaired promptly.
Following the manufacturer’s maintenance schedule for changing fluid and inspecting hoses can also help prevent premature pump failure.
Conclusion
A malfunctioning windshield washer pump can greatly reduce visibility and winter driving safety. Typical signs of a bad pump include weak spray, intermittent operation, and fluid leakage. DIYers can test their washer pumps and replace them as necessary. For convenience or to address underlying issues, consider having your windshield washer pump replaced professionally. With periodic maintenance and swift repairs when problems arise, you can keep your washer pump working properly for the long haul.
| Signs of a Bad Washer Pump | Testing a Washer Pump | Replacing a Washer Pump |
|---|---|---|
|
|
|