How do you build an outdoor fire pit with a seating?

An outdoor fire pit is a great way to extend the functionality of your backyard. Having a designated fire pit area gives you a space to gather with family and friends, roast marshmallows, and enjoy the ambiance of an outdoor fire. Adding seating around the fire pit makes it even more enjoyable and comfortable. With some planning and effort, you can create your own DIY fire pit with built-in seating.

Things to Consider Before Building a Fire Pit

Here are some key considerations before embarking on your fire pit project:

Safety

Safety should always be the number one priority when dealing with open flames. Be sure to check with your local fire code regulations about requirements for outdoor fire pits in your area. Generally, there are rules about how large the fire can be, how close it must be to structures, and what materials are acceptable to burn.

Placement

Choose a spot at least 10 feet away from your house, trees, or wooden structures. Avoid placing it under low-hanging tree branches. Scout the sun path and prevailing wind direction before deciding so smoke does not blow toward your house.

Size

Consider how large of a fire you’d like to have and how many people need to be able to sit around it comfortably. Larger fire pits with ample seating generally range from 5 feet to 10 feet wide. Smaller, more intimate fire pits can be as little as 3 feet wide.

Fuel Source

Will you burn only wood? Or do you want the option for propane or natural gas fuel too? This affects the construction and placement of your fire pit.

Seating

Will you have fixed seating or movable chairs around the pit? Stone, brick, and concrete are good choices for permanent seating walls. Be sure to allow at least 18 inches of depth for seating.

Aesthetics

Consider the overall look you’d like for your fire pit area. Match it to your landscape design and home’s architectural style.

Budget

Factor in costs for all materials, tools, and labor if you’ll be hiring a contractor. Fire pit costs can range from $300 on the low end up to $5,000 or more for elaborate designs.

Choosing a Fire Pit Shape and Size

Fire pits come in many shapes and sizes to suit different needs. Here are some of the most popular options:

Round

A round fire pit is classic and space efficient. Opt for a 4 to 6 foot diameter for intimate gatherings or 6 to 10 feet for larger groups.

Square/Rectangular

The straight lines of a square or rectangle pit complement modern architecture and allow you to easily adjoin a linear seating arrangement.

Custom Shape

For a dramatic look, opt for a custom kidney bean, teardrop, or other geometric shape. This works well for large, expansive seating.

Portable

Portable fire pits are quick and flexible to set up but usually smaller. Look for durable metal models from brands like Solo Stove.

Choosing Fire Pit Materials

There are several good material options for achieving a strong, durable, and attractive DIY fire pit:

Stone

Stacking stone, such as river rock or flagstone, is a popular choice for a DIY fire pit. Use a sturdy retaining wall first, then stack stone to desired height. Mortar between layers for stability.

Brick

Brick is affordable, easy to install, and complements most home architecture. Retain with concrete blocks first, then lay bricks. Use a concrete adhesive between layers.

Concrete Blocks

Concrete blocks are very sturdy and inexpensive. Look for those rated for high heat like firebricks. Disguise plain blocks with stone or brick veneers.

Sheet Metal

Various gauge metals like steel and copper can form fire pit bowls. Opt for thicker 1/4 inch or more metal. Usually inserted into a sub base.

Cast Stone/Concrete

Poured concrete and precast stone are long-lasting options. Install precast bowls into a leveled gravel base according to manufacturer instructions.

How to Build the Fire Pit Foundation

A proper foundation is crucial for keeping the fire pit level and preventing the surrounding patio or pavers from shifting or cracking over time. Here are two common methods:

Gravel Base

Dig at least 12” deep around the entire area for the fire pit and seating. Fill with packed gravel, tamping down until firmly compacted. Lay the fire brick or blocks on top.

Concrete Slab

Pour a 4” deep concrete slab that’s a few inches larger than your planned finished fire pit size. Let cure completely, then build fire bricks on top.

How to Build Fire Pit Seating

Comfortable and attractive seating completes the fire pit setting. Here are some great options:

Built-In Brick or Stone Seating

For permanent seating, continue the same materials from the fire pit. Leave a 18-24” deep gap behind the pit for seating. Mortar into place.

Raised Wood Seating

Construct a raised wooden bench around part of the pit perimeter. Use sturdy deck boards on treated posts set in concrete. Add back and arm rests.

Stone Seating Walls

Dry stack various sizes of natural stones into seat-height walls around part or all of the pit. Leave gaps between stones for drainage.

Stone/Concrete Bench

Place a precast concrete or stone bench (or commissions one custom built) along one side or around the entire pit.

Paver Seating

Use large, sturdy pavers like flagstones for DIY seating walls. Stack and mortar into place around the fire pit perimeter.

Pea Gravel Surround

For portable seating options, install pea gravel around part or all of the pit, keeping it well contained with edging. Arrange movable chairs as needed.

Adding Safety Features

Well-designed fire pits incorporate important safety features to prevent injuries and accidents.

Fire Ring/Pit Screen

Cover the fire pit with a heavy metal screen when not in use to prevent accidental falls and injuries, especially for children and pets.

Surrounding Non-Combustible Materials

Use crushed stone, pea gravel, concrete, or other non-combustible materials around the seating and pit perimeter to prevent sparks from igniting dry vegetation.

Proper Drainage

Ensure adequate drainage under and around the pit to prevent pooling of rainwater which could be a burn hazard.

Nearby Fire Extinguisher

Keep a fully charged fire extinguisher or connected garden hose within reach of the fire pit area in case the fire gets out of control.

Emergency Phone Numbers

Post signs listing emergency services numbers to call in the event of an accident or fire getting out of control.

Adding Design Touches

Beyond the basic construction, you can incorporate various design details to really make your DIY fire pit uniquely yours:

Landscaping Stones

Encircle the pit with rounded river rocks, flattened flagstones, or other native stone varieties for visual interest.

Glass Fire Beads

For a glittering fire pit, fill the base with tempered glass beads in assorted colors like blue and green. The glass refracts the firelight.

Fire Pit Cooking Grate

Install a swing-out grate accessory to use your fire pit for cooking food when desired. Choose cast iron or stainless steel.

Gas Burner Element

For the option of instant, mess-free flames, add a natural gas or propane fire feature with burner, filler rocks, and artificial logs.

Movable Furniture

Accent with weather-resistant chairs, side tables, and ottomans for flexibility around the fire pit. Groupings can change as needed.

Maintenance Tips

Regular care and maintenance will keep your fire pit safely functioning and looking its best for years. Follow these tips:

Clean Ash

Always fully extinguish fires and let ashes cool completely before cleaning out ash. Discard cooled ashes into metal containers.

Clean Surfaces

Keep stone, brick, and metal fire pit surfaces free of mold, dirt, and stains by periodically scrubbing with a cleaner formulated for that material.

Weed Control

Pull weeds as needed around the pit perimeter. Weeds can grow between bricks and pavers and compromises the structure.

Drainage

Ensure proper drainage around the fire pit to prevent pooling of rainwater by filling in settled areas with gravel as needed.

Surface Sealing

Apply fresh sealants annually to exposed natural stone and concrete surfaces to protect from moisture damage and stains.

Fire Pit Screen/Cover

Use the fire pit screen when not in use and cover the pit when not in use for extended periods to prevent accidental falls and moisture damage.

Safety Precautions

Exercise the following precautions whenever enjoying a fire in your outdoor pit:

– Supervise children and pets around fires at all times
– Store flammable liquids safely away from the fire
– Only burn dry, seasoned firewood
– Avoid burning treated lumber or green branches
– Have a hose, sand, or extinguisher on hand to contain stray flames or sparks
– Ensure the fire is completely extinguished before leaving it unattended
– Do not overload the fire pit with too much wood
– Avoid wearing flammable, flowing clothing around the fire that could ignite
– Be careful of hot embers than can spit out of the fire pit

Conclusion

Building your own outdoor fire pit with seating creates a wonderful space to relax outdoors with friends and family. With proper planning of the design, prudent construction, and routine care, your fire pit can provide enjoyment for years to come. Pay close attention to safety, get proper permits, and enlist help for the heavy construction phases as needed. Incorporate special touches to complement your yard and architectural style. Soon you’ll have a favorite new gathering spot to unwind around the mesmerizing glow of your backyard fire pit.