Yes, there are faucets that are designed to be freeze-proof and prevent pipe damage during cold weather. Freeze-proof faucets accomplish this through various methods such as having an internal component that drains water back down below the freeze line when the faucet is turned off. There are a few different types of freeze-proof faucets to choose from depending on your needs.
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What makes a faucet freeze-proof?
There are a few key features that allow a faucet to be freeze-proof:
- A vacuum breaker or backflow preventer – This component automatically drains the water from the faucet down below the freeze line when the faucet is turned off.
- Insulated/heated body – Some faucets have an insulated or heated body to help prevent freezing.
- Longer spout – An extended spout moves the faucet and water flow further from the cold exterior wall.
- Drain valves – Drain valves provide a way to manually drain the faucet if freezing temperatures are expected.
By incorporating one or more of these features, freeze-proof faucets are able to drain the standing water that could otherwise freeze inside the faucet body and cause cracks or pipe bursts.
Types of Freeze-Proof Faucets
There are three main types of freeze-proof faucets:
Vacuum Breaker Faucets
Vacuum breaker faucets contain a specialized ceramic vacuum breaker valve inside the faucet body. When the faucet is turned off, this valve automatically drains the water from the faucet spout and diverter tubing down below the freeze line. This prevents water from staying in the faucet and freezing.
Freeze-Proof Hose Bibbs
Freeze-proof hose bibbs (also called hose bibs or outdoor faucets) are designed for outdoor use. They have a long curved spout and vacuum breaker component. The hose connection is also located below the frost line so no water remains in the hose. These features allow the hose bibb to completely drain itself when turned off.
Wall Hydrants
Wall hydrants are another type of outdoor faucet. Their valve and hose connection sit inside the warmer interior wall space while the spout sticks out through the exterior wall. This design keeps the working valve parts protected from freezing temperatures.
Top Freeze-Proof Faucet Brands
Some of the leading brands for freeze-proof faucets include:
- Woodford – Known for their durable brass freeze-proof models.
- Arrowhead Brass – Offers anti-freeze sillcocks and wall faucets.
- Zurn – Manufactures a range of commercial-grade freeze-resistant faucets.
- Prier – Specializes in freeze-proof outdoor hydrants and hose bibbs.
- Watts – A trusted brand for both indoor and outdoor freeze-proof faucets.
- Webstone – Produces a variety of vacuum breaker anti-freeze faucets.
When selecting a freeze-proof faucet, be sure to look for models designed specifically for that purpose from reputable, established faucet manufacturers.
Installation Tips for Freeze-Proof Faucets
Proper installation is key to ensuring your freeze-proof faucets work effectively. Here are some tips for installing them correctly:
- Follow manufacturer instructions carefully.
- Use Teflon tape on all threaded supply line connections for a watertight seal.
- Insulate any exposed supply lines between the faucet and wall.
- Install outdoor faucets on a north or protected wall whenever possible.
- Make sure the vacuum breaker (if present) is positioned properly above the frost line.
- Test the automatic draining feature by turning the faucet on and off. Water should drain out.
- Insulate indoor walls with extra batt insulation if pipes run through them.
- Caulk around freeze-proof faucets to seal any exterior air gaps.
Taking steps for proper insulation and sealing during installation will allow your freeze-proof faucet to effectively do its job.
How Freeze-Proof Faucets Work
Here is a more in-depth look at how the main types of freeze-proof faucets function:
Vacuum Breaker Faucets
Vacuum breaker faucets contain a specialized ceramic vacuum breaker valve inside their body. This valve has a small hole at the top to allow air in. When the faucet is turned on, water flows through and blocks the air hole, allowing the faucet to function normally. But when the faucet is turned off, the water pressure drops, letting air in through the hole. This air breaks the vacuum seal, causing the water to drain out of the faucet body down below the frost line. Without water sitting inside it, the faucet is protected from freezing.
Hose Bibbs & Wall Hydrants
Both hose bibbs and wall hydrants work by extending the water valves and hose connections through the warmer interior wall space, while only the faucet spout is exposed on the exterior. The valves and connection points inside the wall are able to stay above freezing, while the curved spout design prevents water from pooling and freezing inside the spout. Any remaining water simply drains out once the faucet is turned off. This allows the faucets to avoid freeze damage.
Proper Use of Freeze-Proof Faucets
While freeze-proof faucets are designed to prevent freezing on their own, you can take a few additional steps for proper use:
- Shut off any valves supplying outdoor faucets at the beginning of winter.
- Detach and drain any hoses attached to outdoor faucets.
- Close the faucet valve completely when not in use.
- Drain any residual water from the faucet before extended freezes.
- Consider putting an insulating cover or hood over the faucet.
- Maintain caulk and insulation around the faucet.
- Replace washers or valves immediately if any leaks develop.
Following these best practices along with the automated features of the faucet will provide reliable freeze protection.
Comparison of Freeze-Proof Faucet Models
Here is a comparison of some popular freeze-proof faucet models and their features:
| Model | Type | Finish | Features | Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Woodford Y24 Outdoor Faucet | Hose Bibb | Oil Rubbed Bronze | 8″ Cast Brass Spout, Built-In Vacuum Breaker | $100 |
| Arrowhead Brass Anti-Freeze Sillcock | Hose Bibb | Chrome | Stainless Steel Internals, 9″ Spout | $60 |
| Prier Brass Wall Hydrant | Wall Hydrant | Brass | 1/4 Turn On/Off, Lockable | $150 |
| Watts Hot & Cold Freeze-Proof Faucet | Vacuum Breaker | Chrome | For Hot & Cold Water, Insulated Body | $220 |
| Webstone Anti-Freeze Sill Faucet | Hose Bibb | Stainless Steel | Lead-Free Waterway, 9″ Spout | $90 |
This comparison shows that while all these faucets provide freeze protection, the specific type, construction, features, and price can vary. Consider your budget and needs to choose the right one.
Conclusion
In conclusion, there are several types of faucets specially designed to prevent freezing and burst pipes during winter. Vacuum breaker, hose bibb, and wall hydrant style faucets all have features to allow water to automatically drain out of the faucet when shut off. Leading brands like Woodford, Arrowhead Brass, and Watts offer reliable freeze-proof faucet options. While freeze-proof faucets are made to handle cold on their own, also follow usage and installation best practices to get the best performance. Considering the potential for expensive plumbing repairs due to a frozen pipe, a freeze-proof faucet is a wise investment for any home with cold winters.
