Stair treads and runners serve different purposes on a staircase. Stair treads are the horizontal boards that you step on as you walk up and down the stairs. Runners are the carpets or rugs that run down the middle of the staircase over the treads.
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Stair Treads
Stair treads are the horizontal boards attached to the stringers or frame of the staircase. They provide the solid, level stepping surface as you go up and down. Treads are often made of wood, but can also be made of metal, stone, concrete, or other sturdy materials.
The key features of stair treads include:
- Provide a level stepping surface
- Attached securely to the stringers/frame
- Typically 10-14 inches deep from front to back
- Overlap with riser below to create nosing
- Non-slip surface for safety
Stair treads take the brunt of foot traffic and wear. Building codes regulate features like tread depth, overhang, and slip-resistance. Proper treads are essential for staircase safety and accessibility.
Tread Materials
Stair treads can be made from various materials, each with their own characteristics:
- Wood – Classic material that’s affordable and easy to work with. Comes in many species like oak, maple, hickory. Can be refinished and restored.
- Metal – Very durable option for high-traffic areas. Usually made from galvanized steel, aluminum, or brass. Can have perforated patterns.
- Stone – Natural material like granite, marble, or slate that provides an elegant look. Traction may be slippery when wet.
- Concrete – Sturdy and fire-proof, but can crack over time. Often has an etched finish for traction.
- Rubber – Flexible synthetic material. Provides good traction. Usually used as tread covers or inserts rather than full treads.
Stair Runners
Stair runners are rugs that run down the center of the staircase over the treads. Typically made of carpet, they provide decorative accenting and can help protect stairs from wear.
Key features of stair runners include:
- Long rectangular shape to run down stairs
- Usually 27-36 inches wide to fit tread width
- Often held in place with brass rods or carpet tacks
- Variety of carpet patterns and textures
- Padding underneath for comfort and safety
In addition to decorating, runners can also help muffle noise on stairs and make treads less slippery. However, they still expose the underlying tread edges so do not replace the need for full slip-resistant treads.
Runner Materials
Stair runners are typically made of carpet or rugs in various styles:
- Carpet – Most common. Broadloom carpet cut to size or pre-bound carpeting specifically for stairs.
- Braided – Made from braiding together wool or synthetic yarns. Reversible and durable.
- Patterned – Custom design runners featuring colorful patterns or monograms using carpet, wool, sisal, etc.
- Oriental – Runners made from hand-knotted wool rugs for exotic allure.
Comparing Treads vs. Runners
While stair treads and runners overlap visually on the staircase, they serve very different purposes:
| Feature | Stair Treads | Stair Runners |
|---|---|---|
| Purpose | Provide the structural stepping surface | Decorate and accent the staircase |
| Location | Attached across full width of steps | Laid centered over treads |
| Composition | Sturdy construction materials | Carpeting and rugs |
| Safety Role | Maintain secure footing | Minimal traction. Not a full tread replacement. |
| Code Compliance | Must meet tread dimension and friction standards | Not regulated. Can’t obstruct tread visibility. |
In summary, stair treads are mandatory structural elements, while stair runners are optional decorative overlays.
Conclusion
Stair treads and stair runners work together to complete a staircase – the treads provide the sturdy stepping surface while the runners add accenting style. Treads are the functional foundation mandated by building codes, while runners are decorative rugs offering ornamentation and some added cushioning. Both elements create a beautiful and safe staircase.