There has been some debate over whether 2 handle shower valves are illegal in certain jurisdictions. Some homeowners and plumbers claim that 2 handle shower valves do not meet modern plumbing codes and regulations. However, the legality of 2 handle shower valves is not always straightforward. There are a few key factors to consider when determining if a 2 handle shower valve setup is allowed where you live. In this article, we’ll explore the background on 2 handle shower valves, look at relevant plumbing codes, and provide guidance on how to assess if your 2 handle shower valve is compliant.
Page Contents
What Are 2 Handle Shower Valves?
A shower valve controls the mix of hot and cold water to set the desired temperature. There are two main types of shower valves:
- Single handle shower valves
- 2 handle shower valves
Single handle shower valves use one lever to control both water flow and temperature. They allow you to adjust the mix from hot to cold with a single handle.
2 handle shower valves have separate hot and cold handles to control water flow. One handle is for hot water and the other is for cold. To adjust temperature, you turn the hot and cold handles to find the desired mix. 2 handle shower valves used to be quite common, but single handle valves have become more popular in recent decades.
Benefits of 2 Handle Shower Valves
There are a few reasons why some people prefer 2 handle over single handle shower valves:
- Separate hot and cold control can make it easier to find your preferred temperature mix
- The handles provide more precision temperature adjustment
- Some people claim 2 handles allow more consistent water temperature compared to a single handle
- 2 handle valves tend to have a more vintage, classic look
However, 2 handle valves are seen as less user-friendly by many since you need to use both hands to adjust the water temperature. The benefits of single lever valves include easier one-handed use and usually a smoother temperature adjustment.
Are 2 Handle Shower Valves Up to Code?
Now we get to the key question – are 2 handle shower valves legal? In terms of modern plumbing codes, 2 handle shower valves are not inherently illegal. However, they may not meet current code requirements in some cases. It depends on the specific valve model and your local plumbing code. There are a few factors to look at:
1. Mixing Valve Requirements
Most current plumbing codes require anti-scald thermostatic or pressure balancing shower valves. These mixing valves prevent sudden water temperature changes to avoid scalding. They keep water temperature consistent even if pressures fluctuate.
Older 2 handle shower valves often do not have these safety features. If your 2 handle valve is not thermostatic or pressure balanced, it likely does not meet current mixing valve requirements.
However, some 2 handle valves do come with thermostatic or pressure balancing features. If your 2 handle valve has anti-scald technology, it may comply with mixing valve codes.
2. Low Flow Rate Regulations
Many areas now have laws limiting maximum shower head water flow to 2.5 gallons per minute (GPM). This helps conserve water.
Old 2 handle shower valves often supply water at higher flow rates. If your 2 handle valve does not provide 2.5 GPM or less, it likely violates low flow regulations.
You can check your shower valve flow rate using a simple bucket test:
- Turn shower to full hot or cold flow
- Run water for 10 seconds and collect it in a bucket marked with gallons
- Measure the amount collected and multiply by 6 to calculate GPM
If the flow rate is over 2.5 GPM, your valve does not meet codes.
3. Valve Certification Standards
Most areas require shower valves to meet certification standards like ASSE 1016 or ASME A112.18.1. These certify the valve is tested and rated for anti-scald protection and water conservation.
Older 2 handle shower valves often lack these certifications. If your valve does not have an ASSE, ASME, or other approval rating stamp, it likely does not satisfy code.
Options for Non-Compliant 2 Handle Shower Valves
If your 2 handle shower valve does not meet the above criteria, you technically may be required to upgrade or replace it. However, enforcement varies depending on where you live. Here are some options:
Replace with Code-Compliant Valve
The simplest solution is swapping your current 2 handle valve for a code-approved model. Make sure any new valve you install has thermostatic/pressure balancing features, flows at 2.5 GPM or less, and meets ASSE, ASME, or other certification standards. This route may require alterations to your plumbing.
Add Thermostatic Mixing Valve
Instead of fully replacing the valves, you could retrofit your 2 handle setup by adding a thermostatic or pressure balancing valve behind it. This provides anti-scald protection without replacing the handles and plumbing. Make sure to verify flow rate still meets regulations.
Request Exception from Code Authority
If you want to keep your 2 handle valve, you may be able to request an exception to codes from your local plumbing authority. This may require having your valve inspected to verify safety and performance. Get approval for any exception in writing before relying on it.
Do Nothing
In some areas, enforcement of shower valve regulations is minimal. If your 2 handle valve is functioning fine and you have no plans to remodel, you may opt to simply do nothing. However, be aware you would technically be in violation of plumbing code.
The Bottom Line
While a 2 handle shower valve on its own is not illegal, it may not meet current plumbing code requirements in your area. The key factors to check are:
- Anti-scald mixing valve functionality
- Maximum flow rate under 2.5 GPM
- Certification rating such as ASSE or ASME
If your 2 handle valve fails to meet any of the above, an upgrade or replacement is probably required to be compliant. Enforcement varies, but ideally your shower valves should adhere to regulations for safety and water conservation. Carefully consider your options if you find your current 2 handle setup is out of compliance. With some adjustments, you may be able to keep the vintage look and feel you enjoy while ensuring your shower valve adheres to modern codes.
Frequently Asked Questions
Are two handle faucets being phased out?
Two handle faucets are not being universally phased out, but they are becoming less common in favor of single handle faucets. Many modern plumbing codes and efficiency standards favor single handle faucets. However, two handle faucets can still be installed if they meet current regulations.
What are the disadvantages of two handle faucets?
Compared to single handle faucets, two handle faucets are seen as less convenient and user-friendly since they require two hands to adjust temperature. They also may not provide anti-scald protection or comply with low flow rate restrictions unless designed for it.
Can I convert a two handle to a single handle shower faucet?
It is generally possible to convert a two handle to single handle shower faucet. However, it requires replacing the valve and likely alterations to the surrounding plumbing. Hiring a professional plumber is recommended, as a shower conversion project can be complicated.
How do I make my two handle shower up to code?
To make a two handle shower up to code, you may need to install a thermostatic or pressure balancing valve, verify flow rate is 2.5 GPM or less, and ensure the valve meets certification standards like ASSE 1016. Fully replacing with a code-compliant valve is the most thorough option.
Do two handle tub and shower faucets need to be replaced?
Most areas do not require replacing two handle tub and shower faucets by law. However, to meet current plumbing codes, they may need upgraded with anti-scald valves or flow restrictors. Replacing them entirely with single handle, code-compliant faucets is recommended but often optional.
Conclusion
While 2 handle showers valves are not inherently illegal, they may not meet current plumbing code requirements depending on the date of installation and specifications. Upgrading to a compliant valve is recommended for safety and efficiency. But enforcement of shower valve regulations remains spotty in many areas for existing installations. Carefully consider your options if faced with a non-compliant 2 handle shower valve in your home.