Trim is an important decorative detail in any home that frames doors, windows, and the edges of walls. When it comes time to paint or repaint trim, many homeowners wonder if they can use oil-based paints on these surfaces. Oil-based paints have traditionally been a popular choice for painting trim because they provide a smooth, hard finish and tend to be quite durable. However, oil-based paints also have some drawbacks compared to modern water-based paints. Here is a closer look at the pros and cons of using oil-based paint on trim and the factors to consider when making your choice.
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Can You Use Oil-Based Paint on Trim?
The short answer is yes, you can use oil-based paints on trim in most cases. Oil-based paints, also called alkyd paints, have been used for many decades to paint trim, doors, cabinets, and other woodwork around the home. The main advantages of oil-based trim paint are:
- Durability – Oil paint forms a hard, glossy finish that holds up well to repeated cleaning and wear and tear.
- Smooth finish – The oils allow for an ultra smooth finish that brings out the beauty of natural wood grain.
- Adhesion – Oil paint bonds tightly to existing oil-based paints and many other surfaces.
- Blocking stain – The thickness of oil paint helps it hide stains that could bleed through water-based paint.
These characteristics have made oil paint a go-to for trim, cabinets, and other surfaces that take abuse and need to look their best. So in most cases, yes, oil-based paint can safely be used to paint trim.
However, there are a few potential downsides to oil paint to be aware of:
- Strong odor – Oil-based paints have a very strong, unpleasant smell while drying.
- Long dry time – It typically takes at least overnight, sometimes longer for oil paint to fully cure.
- Difficult cleanup – Brushes and equipment must be cleaned with mineral spirits or other solvents.
- Environmental impact – Oil paint contains volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are harmful to the environment.
Many painters and homeowners are switching to water-based trim paints because of these drawbacks. But oil paint remains a viable option for those who want the most durable, professional-looking finish.
Preparing Trim for Oil-Based Paint
While oil paint adheres well to existing oil-based paints, using it on bare or water-painted trim requires some special preparation:
Sanding
The surface must be sanded smooth to ensure the paint bonds. Be sure to sand off any existing glossy finish.
Priming
A high-quality oil-based primer designed for trim should be applied first before painting. This allows the topcoats of paint to adhere.
Filling holes
Any nail holes, cracks or imperfections should be filled with wood filler and sanded smooth. This prevents uneven surfaces.
Cleaning
The trim should be wiped down to remove any dust or debris before painting. Grease and dirt can cause adhesion problems.
Proper prep prevents the oil paint from chipping, peeling, or failing prematurely. Rushing this important step can lead to problems down the road.
Choosing an Oil-Based Trim Paint
When selecting an oil-based paint for trim, look for these important features:
Finish
Oil paint for trim is available in gloss, semi-gloss, satin, and high-gloss enamel finishes. Gloss or semi-gloss are most common for a smooth, luxurious look.
Interior vs. Exterior
Be sure to choose an oil trim paint formulated for either interior or exterior use based on where you are painting. The binders and pigments are different to withstand weather and sun exposure.
Color Range
Stick to paint brands that offer a wide selection of custom colors. This allows you to match existing paint or decor precisely.
Quality Ingredients
Higher-end oil trim paints contain more solids, including titanium dioxide and alkyd resins. These provide better hide, durability, and color retention.
Two top-quality oil paint picks are Benjamin Moore Advance and Farrow & Ball Estate. While pricy, they are known to deliver a beautiful, lasting finish with fewer coats needed.
Applying Oil-Based Paint to Trim
Here are some tips for flawless application of oil-based trim paint:
Brushes
Use high-quality nylon/polyester blend brushes made for oil paint. Dispose of brushes after use or clean thoroughly with mineral spirits.
Roller covers
A short-nap microfiber roller sleeve works well for smooth trim. Or use an angled sash brush for the trim details.
Multiple thin coats
Apply multiple thin coats rather than trying to get full coverage in one thick coat. Allow proper drying time between coats.
Even pressure
Apply the paint in long, even brush or roller strokes while maintaining consistent pressure. This prevents visible lap marks.
Watch for drips
Oil paint’s slow drying time can cause drips on vertical surfaces like door or window trim. Work carefully and watch out.
Proper ventilation
Make sure the room is well-ventilated during application and drying to allow fumes to escape safely.
Taking your time with a smooth application creates a flawless oil paint finish on trim that both looks beautiful and lasts.
How Long Does It Take Oil Paint to Dry on Trim?
The main downside to oil trim paint is the lengthy drying time:
- Dry to touch – Approximately 8-12 hours
- Dry to recoat – Overnight, about 24 hours
- Fully cured – 3-7 days
Cool, humid conditions can make drying take even longer. So plan your paint schedule accordingly, allowing ample time for each coat to dry before adding another. Rushing the process causes problems.
While the long dry time for oil paint is inconvenient, the smooth, durable finish is worth the wait for many. Proper planning is key, along with maintaining ventilation in the home while drying.
Can You Apply Water-Based Paint Over Oil Paint?
In the past, it was not advisable to apply water-based paints directly over oil-based paints. The concern was that the water in the new latex paint would be repelled, causing poor adhesion or bubbling.
However, thanks to advancements in paint technology, today’s water-based paints can generally be applied directly onto existing oil paint without compatibility issues. The keys are:
- Make sure the oil paint surface is properly cleaned and lightly sanded first.
- Use a high-quality water-based primer made specifically for covering oil paint.
- Allow the manufacturer’s recommended drying time between coats.
As long as these steps are followed, water-based paint will usually adhere well. But it’s always a good idea to test a small area first before committing to painting the entire surface.
If bubbling or poor adhesion occur, applying an oil-based primer before the water-based paint is recommended. This seals the oil paint and gives the new paint something easier to stick to.
Maintenance Tips for Painted Trim
To keep painted trim looking its best for years to come:
- Allow plenty of time for the paint to fully cure before cleaning. Oil paint takes weeks to reach maximum hardness.
- Use only mild cleaners without harsh chemicals or abrasives.
- Clean spills or dirt buildup promptly to limit staining.
- Avoid excessive moisture exposure that could lead to peeling.
- Limit wear and tear on the surface – use scratch-resistant furniture pads, avoid hard impacts, etc.
- Keep the home’s temperature and humidity steady year-round.
With proper care, oil-based trim paint can maintain its beautiful sheen for well over a decade before needing repainting. Handle it gently while cleaning and avoid excessive moisture.
Conclusion
Oil-based paints provide a timeless, quality finish for interior and exterior trim in most homes. Their durability, adhesion, and smooth look make them a trusted choice. While the fumes and long drying time can be drawbacks, the end result is hard to match with other paints. Preparing trim properly and allowing adequate dry time between coats helps ensure success. For those seeking a professional finish that will last, oil-based trim paints are still a leading option. With care and maintenance, they will retain their beauty for years before needing a refresh.