Do I need a special extension cord for outdoor lights?

When setting up outdoor lighting, using the right extension cord is crucial for safety and performance. Outdoor extension cords face much tougher conditions than indoor cords, so you need ones specifically designed for outdoor use. Selecting the proper gauge and length of cord, as well as other features like water resistance, can prevent issues like voltage drop, overheating, electrocution and fires.

Should I buy an outdoor extension cord?

Yes, you should always use extension cords rated for outdoor use with outdoor lighting fixtures and decorations. Household extension cords for indoor use are generally not safe for outdoor applications.

Outdoor extension cords are made with weather-resistant materials that won’t deteriorate as quickly in the sun and rain. They are designed to withstand temperature extremes and wet conditions outdoors.

Using indoor cords outside can pose several risks:

• Indoor extension cords lack waterproofing, leaving internal wires exposed to moisture. This can lead to shorts, fires and electrocution.
• Without UV-resistant outer jacketing, indoor cords can become brittle and crack over time when exposed to sunlight.
• Indoor cords are more prone to overheating since they lack proper gauges and safety ratings for outdoor electrical loads.
• Standard indoor cords are ungrounded, while outdoor cords include grounding to prevent shocks.

Outdoor extension cords have safety features like GFCI protection, insulation and heavy-duty plugs. Don’t substitute cheaper indoor versions to save money – it’s a critical safety hazard.

What gauge wire for outdoor lights?

Heavier gauge wires are safer for outdoor lighting applications. The gauge required depends on the wattage of your lighting and the length of the extension cord run:

• For up to 50 feet, 16 gauge is sufficient for most low wattage landscape lighting under 1,000 watts.
• For 50 to 100 feet, use a thicker 14 gauge cord.
• Over 100 feet, a heavy-duty 12 gauge outdoor extension cord is best.

A thinner 18 gauge cord can work for very short runs under 50 feet. However, 16 gauge or thicker is recommended for safety margin and voltage drop. Follow the gauge guidelines on the packaging to match your lighting needs.

How long of an extension cord for outdoor lights?

The longer the extension cord, the greater the voltage drop. Restrict lengths to avoid excessive drop:

• Up to 50 feet for most low voltage landscape lighting.
• Up to 100 feet for higher wattage loads under 1,000 watts.
• Avoid exceeding 100 feet without voltage drop calculations.

If you need longer runs, go up a gauge size to compensate for the distance. Or consider 12V landscape lighting low voltage systems that can run hundreds of feet with special wires. Lay out your lighting plan to minimize cord lengths for optimal safety.

Should I get a flat or round cord?

Flat extension cords are preferable for outdoor use:

• Flat design allows cord to lay flush against surfaces like walls.
• Less tripping hazard with flat extension cord.
• Easier to coil and store a flat cord.
• Can run under doors and windows with flat profile.

Round cords have some advantages too:

• More flexible and easier to work with around tight bends.
• Can better fit under rugs, edges and outdoor furniture.
• Tend to be more durable and thicker than flat versions.

Consider where you need to run the cord and if appearance matters. Either flat or round extension cords can work well for outdoor lights.

Should I get a grounded outdoor extension cord?

Always opt for a grounded outdoor extension cord for safety:

• Grounded cords have a third grounding pin and wire to prevent electric shocks.
• Required if powering high wattage fixtures like outdoor heat lamps.
• CODE REQUIREMENT: The National Electrical Code (NEC) requires grounded cords for outdoor installations.

Ungrounded cords lack the third grounding pin and grounding conductor. Never use an ungrounded cord outdoors since it provides inadequate shock protection.

Should the extension cord be waterproof?

Waterproofing provides critical outdoor protection:

• Guards against rain, sprinklers and wet weather.
• Prevents moisture damage to live electrical wires.
• Look for “WA” marked water-resistant cords.
• “W” markings indicate suitable for indoor/outdoor use.

Outdoor extension cords without waterproofing can short and corrode when they get wet. Check the specs for water protection level needed for your climate.

Should I look for UV resistance?

UV-resistant jacketing prevents sun damage to cords:

• Protects against cracking and deterioration from sunlight.
• Ensures cord flexibility and integrity over time.
• UV inhibitors added to plastic to absorb and reflect UV rays.
• Durable UV jacketing lasts longer outdoors.

Non-UV resistant cords can become brittle and degraded after prolonged sun exposure. UV protection is recommended for long-lasting performance.

Do I need an outdoor extension cord with a GFCI?

GFCI (ground fault circuit interrupter) protection shuts off power in milliseconds if electricity leaks through damaged wires. While not required, a GFCI can provide an extra layer of safety:

• Prevents electrocutions from damaged extension cord wires.
• No need for extra GFCI outlet – protection built into the cord.
• Convenient since you can use with any outdoor receptacle.
• Ideal for water fixtures like fountains or hot tubs.

A standard grounded cord without GFCI is fine for lighting. But a GFCI cord provides maximum shock protection near wet or high-risk areas.

Should I get a retractable extension cord reel?

A retractable cord reel can provide convenience outdoors:

• Easy storage – coils back into reel box or mount.
• Avoid loose cords tangled on the ground.
• Crank rewind button quickly rolls cord back up.
• Mount on wall/ceiling to keep cord off the ground.

Consider a retractable reel if you need to regularly move lights and want quick, tidy storage. Get an exterior rated reel designed for outdoor use.

Can I connect multiple outdoor lights to one cord?

You can connect multiple lights to one outdoor extension cord provided you:

• Don’t exceed the total wattage rating on the cord.
• Use properly rated cord for the combined wattage.
• Plug outdoor lights into the end outlet, not along the cord length.
• Keep within maximum length guidelines for voltage drop.

Splitting to multiple cords is safer. But one heavy-duty cord can work for multiple lights if sized right. Refer to the instructions for wattage limits and restrictions.

Can I bury an outdoor extension cord underground?

Burying standard cords is unsafe – it’s best to use specialized direct burial cables instead:

• Direct burial cables are rated for wet/underground installation.
• Use waterproof connectors approved for buried wiring.
• Improper burial voids safety certifications of standard cords.
• Risk of damage to protective grounding wires.

It’s code-violating and hazardous to bury regular extension cords. Hire an electrician to trench and install suitable direct burial cables for a permanent safe installation.

What are the main safety tips for outdoor extension cords?

Follow these key safety practices when using extension cords for outdoor lights:

• Use only outdoor-rated grounded extension cords.
• Choose the right gauge for lighting wattage and cord length.
• Inspect for damage before each use – discard if worn or frayed.
• Coil excess cord to avoid tripping hazards.
• Don’t overload cords beyond their wattage rating.
• Keep connectors dry and off wet ground.
• Unplug cords when not in use to prevent shock/fire risks.

Following the manufacturer guidelines and being mindful of electrical safety will ensure problem-free performance and help prevent electrical hazards.

Conclusion

Investing in a heavy-duty outdoor extension cord specially designed for exterior use is critical to safety and function with outdoor lighting. Choose an outdoor-rated grounded cord with sufficient gauge for your lighting load and adequate waterproofing. Follow the safety precautions for cords to avoid overloads, tripping hazards, shocks or fires. With the right cord and safe setup, you can illuminate your outdoor space easily and safely.