Do snow and ice melting mats work?

Snow and ice melting mats are devices designed to help melt snow and ice on walkways, driveways, sidewalks, and other outdoor surfaces. They provide a heated surface that helps speed up the melting process and prevents snow and ice accumulation. But how well do they actually work? Here is a comprehensive look at snow and ice melting mats, examining how they work, their effectiveness, pros and cons, and recommendations for optimal use.

How Do Snow and Ice Melting Mats Work?

Snow and ice melting mats work by using electricity to heat up a large mat that is laid out flat on the ground. The mats contain electrical heating cables or elements embedded within them that warm up when plugged into an outdoor electrical outlet. This allows them to raise their surface temperature to between 30-50°F above the ambient air temperature. When snow or ice makes contact with the warm mat surface, it begins melting.

Most mats are made of durable rubber or polyvinyl and can be rolled up or folded for easy storage when not in use. They come in a range of sizes from just a couple feet long up to 20+ feet, allowing you to customize the coverage area. Mats run off standard 110V household current and are safe to leave operating unattended. They have built-in controls and thermostats to regulate the heating temperature.

How Effective Are Snow Melting Mats?

When used properly, snow melting mats can be highly effective at preventing icy buildup on walkways and high-traffic areas outdoors. The heat they generate melts snow upon contact and continues melting up to 1-2 inches per hour if snowfall is consistent. Here are some key benefits and capabilities of snow melting mats:

– Prevent accumulation of snow and ice in treated areas
– Melt 1-2 inches of snow per hour
– Create safer walkways with less slippery conditions
– Run automatically with built-in controls
– Customizable sizes available up to 20+ feet long
– Do not require chemicals or manual labor for snow removal
– Safe for pets and the environment
– Provide consistent melt performance for the life of the product (5-10 years typically)

Snow melt mats do have limitations. They are not intended to instantaneously melt heavy snow accumulation or to clear your entire driveway or sidewalk. But they are very effective at maintaining clear and ice-free walkways, stairs, and ramps through consistent snowfalls. They provide targeted, efficient melting that reduces the need for shoveling and salt application.

Key Considerations for Optimal Performance

Here are some key tips for getting the best performance from your snow melting mats:

– Install mats before first snowfall – This allows the heating cables to be embedded into the ground for optimal efficiency.

– Choose appropriate size – Make sure mats cover your entire stairway, walkway, or other area you want to keep clear.

– Use multiple mats for larger areas – Link together several individual mats to create larger coverage zones.

– Keep 3-4 inches between mats – Allow gaps between mats for drainage and contraction.

– Check mats regularly – Ensure they are plugged in, flat on the ground, and free of debris buildup.

– Run mats throughout winter – Keep them operating whenever snow is forecasted, not just during storms.

– Limit foot traffic on mats – Try to avoid walking directly on mats when powered on.

– Install a GFCI outlet – Use a GFCI protected outdoor outlet for safety and weatherproofing.

Pros of Snow Melting Mats

Here are some of the key benefits and advantages of using snow melting mats:

– Prevent slippery conditions – Mats melt snow upon contact, stopping icy buildup in high-traffic areas. This enhances safety and prevents falls.

– Reduce labor – Minimizes the need for frequent shoveling, snow blowing, and de-icing during winter.

– Convenience – Provides automated snow melting without switching on a snow blower or picking up a shovel. Just plug in and turn on.

– Customizable – Available in multiple sizes that can be linked together for any coverage area.

– Even heating – Heating cables provide consistent melt performance across the entire mat surface. No cold spots.

– Low operating cost – Typically $100-$300 for an entire winter season depending on size, snowfall, and electricity rates.

– Minimal maintenance – Durable mats provide consistent melting for 5-10 years with minimal upkeep required.

– De-icing chemicals not needed – Avoids the mess and environmental impact of chemical de-icers.

Cons of Snow Melting Mats

Snow melting mats do have some downsides and limitations to be aware of:

– High upfront cost – Quality mats cost $200-$1000 depending on size. This is more expensive than manual shoveling or a snow blower upfront.

– Installation required – Mats must be positioned and wired in place before winter, requiring planning and electrical work.

– Doesn’t melt deep snow – Can only melt 1-2 inches per hour. Not effective for heavy, deep snowfall.

– Can be damaged – Mat heating elements can be damaged by sharp objects or excessive foot traffic.

– Requires electricity – Won’t work during power outages. Needs a dedicated outdoor GFCI outlet.

– Limited coverage area – Practical only for stairs, walkways, and other small zones. Too expensive for entire driveway.

– Trip hazard – Low profile mats still present a slight tripping hazard if not installed flush with the ground surface.

– Heaves some paving – Can accelerate freeze-thaw heaving in paving stones and concrete over time.

Key Features to Look for When Buying

If you decide that a snow melting mat is right for your application, here are some key features to evaluate when selecting one:

– Size – Consider both the length and width. Optimal for your specific space.

– Power density – Measured in watts/sq.ft. Higher density = more melt capability. 25-100 watts/sq.ft. is ideal.

– Material – Rubber or polyvinyl exterior with internal heating element. Durable and weatherproof.

– Heating element – Preference is carbon/graphite over metal heating wires. More flexible and longer lasting.

– Controls – Digital thermostat with multiple settings. Can preset melt temperature.

– Warranty – 5-year minimum on heating elements. 10-20 years a bonus.

– Safety certifications – ETL or CSA approved. GFCI protection.

– Brand reputation – Purchase from established, reputable snow melt mat brands only.

– Price – Expect to pay $200-$1000 depending on size and features.

Top Snow Melting Mat Brands

If you want a quality and proven snow melting mat, stick with one of these top brands:

– **ThermoSoft** – The inventor of snow melting mats. Top quality and performance. Wide size range.

– **HeatTrak** – Very durable mats. Up to 20-year warranty available. Excellent for commercial use.

– **Emerson** – Affordable quality from this trusted brand. Good for residential use.

– **WarmlyYours** – Known for excellent thermostat controls and even heating.

– **Heatizon** – Very long (up to 100ft+) mats available. Ideal for long driveways.

– **FrostGuard** – Solid basic snow melting performance at a friendly price point.

– **KoolRanch** – Industrial strength for heavy snow regions. Can be plowed over!

Ideal Usage Locations

Here are the best outdoor spots to utilize snow melting mats:

– Outdoor stairways – Keep wooden, concrete or brick stairs ice-free and safe.

– Walkways and sidewalks – Maintain a clear path from your door to the driveway.

– Ramps and entryways – Prevent hazardous slick spots around handicap ramps.

– High traffic zones – Keep pavement clear near outdoor faucets, kennels, etc.

– Patios and porches – Allow safe access to outdoor living areas around your home.

– Roof eaves and gutters – Prevent ice dams and icicle buildup.

– Driveways and garages – Reduce snow clearing around garage doors and vehicle paths.

Tips for Proper Installation

To ensure your snow melting mat performs as expected and lasts a long time, follow these installation best practices:

– Place on a flat, smooth surface. Avoid gravel or uneven ground.

– Bury heating cable at least 1/2″ below surface if possible.

– Position mat to drain melting snow/ice away. Don’t block drainage.

– Use multiple mats with small gaps between them for larger areas.

– Connect mats in parallel circuit, not series. Follow wiring diagram.

– Use outdoor-rated cable and GFCI outlet. Keep connections dry.

– Adhere mat tightly to surface with adhesive, stakes, or weight objects.

– Run mat wiring inside waterproof conduit if exposed to the elements.

– Post warning/caution signs indicating electric snow melting surface.

– Test mat operation for at least 1 week before winter to confirm functionality.

Safety Tips

While very safe if installed properly, follow these precautions when using snow melting mats:

– Keep mats clear of debris and dried leaves. Don’t bury heating cables.

– Avoid walking or driving directly on mats when in operation.

– Never cut or damage the heating cables. Repair any cuts immediately.

– Ensure electrical connections stay dry and protected in outdoor electrical boxes.

– Shut off and unplug mats during summer months when not needed.

– Have mats installed by a certified electrician if unsure of wiring methods.

– Place warning signs indicating hot surface during operation.

– Use GFCI outlet and circuit breaker for electrical shock protection.

– Check mats occasionally for damage during winter. Don’t use if damaged.

– Keep children and pets away from operating mats.

DIY Installation vs. Professional

Snow melting mats can be installed DIY if you’re experienced with electrical work, but professional installation is recommended for most homeowners. The benefits of professional installation typically outweigh the added cost:

**DIY Pros:**

– Less expensive – Save on labor costs

– Convenient scheduling – Install on your own time

**DIY Cons:**

– Technical wiring – Requires knowledge of proper electrical connections

– Increased liability – You’re responsible if installation isn’t to code

– No expert guidance – Trial and error on best placement

**Professional Pros:**

– Expertise – Licensed electricians have the right skills and experience

– Warranty service – Often required to maintain manufacturer’s warranty

– Permits – Handled for you including any needed inspections

– Lower liability – Licensed contractor assumes responsibility

**Professional Cons:**

– Added cost – $200-$500+ for typical installations

– Scheduling – Need to work around electrician’s availability

Overall, the small added cost of professional installation is usually worth it for the expertise, warranty, liability protection, and peace of mind. But DIY is an option for those experienced and comfortable with the electrical requirements.

Cost Comparison to Other Options

Snow melting mats have higher upfront costs than some other snow removal methods but can pay off in the long run. Here’s how they compare:

– **Shoveling** – No upfront cost but very labor intensive. Injuries and heart attacks are common shoveling heavy snow.

– **Snow blowers** – $100-$1000 to purchase. Still requires labor to clear snow. Frequent maintenance. Loud.

– **De-icing salt/chemicals** – $10-$50 per application. Corrodes concrete and harms plants. Requires frequent re-application.

– **Snow plow service** – $30-$75 per plowing. No guarantee of prompt service after each snowfall.

– **Snow melting mats** – $200-$1000 installed depending on size. Automated operation. Minimal long-term operating costs.

Over a 10 year period, the upfront investment in a quality snow melting mat system can pay dividends through reduced labor and avoided salt/chemical costs. And nothing beats the convenience of automated snow clearing at the touch of a button!

Operating Cost Comparison

Here is an example electrical operating cost estimate for a small 10′ x 3′ snow melt mat (30 sq.ft.) over one winter in the northeast U.S.:

– Mat power rating: 300 watts/sq.ft x 30 sq.ft. = 9,000 watts (9 kW)

– Average hours used per day: 6 hours

– Days used per winter: 30 days (conservative estimate)

– Electricity rate: $0.15 per kWh (U.S. average)

**Calculation:**
9 kW x 6 hours/day x 30 days x $0.15 per kWh = $243.00 per winter season

This provides an example of the reasonably low operating costs of snow melting mats. The electrical use is actually less costly than frequent use of a snow blower. Operating costs do add up over 10-20 years, but are generally far less than the labor costs avoided by using mats.

Are Snow Melting Mats Worth the Investment?

For most homeowners, the added upfront cost of snow melting mats is well worth it for the convenience and labor savings over time. Avoiding the back-breaking work of shoveling piles of heavy, wet snow is reason enough for most people! And the automated convenience of snow melting mats can’t be overstated.

However, they are probably not cost effective solely to avoid the modest expenditure of occasional salt/chemical de-icers. In that case, the payback would be very prolonged. They make the most sense for homes with frequent heavy snowfalls that require excessive shoveling or snow blowing each winter.

Snow melting mats also provide enhanced safety by keeping walkways and stairs consistently clear and ice-free. This prevents dangerous slip and fall injuries. For homeowners getting older or with physical limitations, snow melting mats can provide essential and reliable snow clearing without labor.

Overall, the technology makes the most sense for certain situations. Their upfront cost is easily justifiable over the long run. Key factors are frequent heavy snowfall, physically demanding snow removal labor, safety concerns, and convenience. For many homeowners in northern climates, snow melting mats are an excellent investment choice to make winter easier, safer, and less demanding.

Frequently Asked Questions

How long do snow melting mats last?

Quality snow melting mats typically last 5-10 years or more. Their key components like the heating element, controls, and exterior housing are made to withstand heavy outdoor use in winter conditions for years before needing replacement.

Can you drive or walk on snow melting mats?

It’s best to avoid driving directly over snow melting mats as the weight of a vehicle can damage the heating element inside. You can walk over them, but be sure to unplug the mat first. The safest practice is to avoid traffic over the mats whenever possible.

Do snow melting mats work on wood surfaces?

Yes, snow melting mats work very effectively to keep outdoor wood surfaces like decks, stairs, and ramps free of ice and snow accumulation in winter. The mats should be installed flush to the deck boards for optimal heat transfer.

Can snow melting mats start fires?

No, snow melting mats will not start fires when properly installed by an electrician following safety codes. Their low voltage power and overload protection prevent overheating. They are certified safe for outdoor use.

Do snow melting mats use a lot of electricity?

Snow melting mats do consume electricity to power their heating elements, but the actual operating cost is reasonably low, averaging $100-$300 per winter depending on size. Their automated operation saves vast amounts of manual shoveling labor.

What happens if snow melting mats get wet?

The exterior housing of snow melting mats is waterproof. As long as the internal heating element stays dry and electrical connections are protected in outdoor boxes, getting wet will not damage them or create hazards.

Can snow melting mats melt thick ice?

Snow melting mats work best at preventing ice from forming and are not as effective at quickly melting very thick ice that is already present. Some residual ice scraping may still be required after major storms.

How cold can it be for snow melting mats to still work?

Quality snow melting mats will provide effective melting performance even in very cold temperatures below 0°F. Their high power density can override freezing temps to melt snow upon contact.