When designing a pedestal to display a statue or other artwork, one of the most important considerations is determining the appropriate size and proportions. The pedestal serves both a functional purpose, lifting the artwork off the ground, as well as an aesthetic one, framing the artwork and becoming part of the overall display. There are no absolute rules for pedestal sizes, but there are some general guidelines to follow based on the size and scale of the artwork, the desired viewing experience, and the setting where it will be installed.
Page Contents
What is the purpose of a pedestal?
A pedestal has two main functions:
- To physically support and lift the statue or artwork off the ground.
- To aesthetically frame and complement the artwork.
The physical support provides a sturdy, stable base that gets the artwork up to an appropriate height for viewing. This protects the artwork from damage and gives it more visibility.
Aesthetically, the pedestal becomes part of the overall sculpture display. It can influence how the artwork is viewed and interpreted. A taller pedestal elevates the artwork and makes it more monumental or imposing. A shorter pedestal brings the artwork down closer to eye level and creates a more intimate experience. The visual mass, lines, textures and scale of the pedestal should complement the artwork itself.
Standard pedestal height ratios
There are some standard proportional guidelines for sizing a pedestal relative to the sculpture:
- The pedestal should be approximately 1/3 the height of the sculpture. So for a 6 foot tall sculpture, a 2 foot tall pedestal.
- The total height of the sculpture and pedestal together should be approximately 1 1/2 times the height of the sculpture alone. So a 6 foot tall sculpture would have a total display height of around 9 feet on its pedestal.
These proportional ratios create a balanced and visually pleasing relationship between the sculpture and pedestal. The pedestal is substantial enough to support the sculpture without overpowering it or creating too much separation. The slight boost in overall height also helps the sculpture stand out.
Consider the setting and location
The intended location and setting where the sculpture will be installed is a critical factor when designing the pedestal. A sculpture meant for a grand public plaza or a museum gallery would likely have a taller, more substantial pedestal than a sculpture for a small residential garden. Some aspects to consider include:
- Indoor vs outdoor location – Outdoor pedestals must be made of durable, weather-resistant materials.
- Public space vs private residence – More visibility in public spaces calls for taller pedestals.
- Traffic flow – If situated in a high traffic area, a taller pedestal prevents accidental collisions.
- Available space – A compact pedestal may be required in tight quarters.
- Context – A monumental civic sculpture may require greater elevation.
- Accessibility – ADA requirements limit maximum heights for public artworks.
Evaluate the specific site conditions and requirements to determine an appropriate pedestal height. Scale it to fit proportionally with the surrounding architecture, landscaping and other site features.
Work with the sculptor or artist
For commissioned artworks and sculptures, the artist will often have a vision for how their work should be displayed. Early collaboration between the sculptor, pedestal fabricator and other stakeholders is important. The pedestal design should match the artistic intent. Key considerations include:
- Integrating the right pedestal height and form as part of the overall aesthetic.
- Ensuring the structural integrity to properly support the sculpture weight.
- Accommodating any special mounting or installation requirements.
- Allowing adequate maintenance access.
- Providing any lighting or other functional features.
Bringing in the artist early and keeping lines of communication open allows the pedestal design to be tailored specifically to their artwork.
Use scale models and mock-ups
It can be difficult to visualize size proportions and spatial relationships on drawings alone. To evaluate pedestal height options, consider creating simple cardboard scale models or full-sized mock-ups.
Being able to see the physical 3D relationships makes it easier to assess appropriate sizing. Scale models are inexpensive and quick to construct. Mock-ups can be done at full or partial scale using inexpensive materials. Critically reviewing the options in real space informs the final design decisions.
Material choice
Pedestals can be made from a variety of different materials, with some typical options including:
- Concrete – Durable, weather-resistant, affordable. Often used for outdoor locations.
- Steel – Structurally strong and long-lasting. Metal finishes such as powder coating available.
- Wood – Traditional material that can be carved for ornamental designs. Requires regular maintenance.
- Fiberglass – Lightweight yet strong. Easily molded into decorative shapes.
- Stone – Marble, granite and other stone types give a substantial, upscale look.
- Brick and masonry – Classical architectural material that ties into surrounding buildings.
The chosen material should be structurally appropriate for supporting the sculpture weight as well as visually fitting for the context. Cost, longevity, weather-resistance and maintenance must also be considered.
Material weight
The heaviness and visual mass of the pedestal material impacts the overall perception. A very heavy stone pedestal changes the experience compared to lightweight fiberglass. Scale, balance and proportions shift depending on the material used.
Surface finish
From glossy polished marble to rough split-faced stone, the surface finish also plays a role. A smooth or ornate finish contrasts with a rougher, more organic texture. Match surface characteristics to the artwork.
Color
Neutrals like white, gray or black pedestals spotlight the sculpture, while color can provide context. For example, a green pedestal may suit a nature-themed sculpture.
Durability
Outdoor pedestals must withstand weathering and potential vandalism. Avoid delicate, porous materials or coatings.
Maintenance
Consider long-term care needs – a concrete pedestal requires little upkeep compared to wood.
Fabrication and installation
Choose materials that align with project budgets and available local fabricators. Simpler designs are less expensive.
Pedestal shape and form
While a basic square or rectangular block is the most common pedestal shape, other forms are possible. Shape and silhouette play a role in the overall sculpture design.
Plain block
A simple cube shape keeps the focus on the artwork. This provides an unadorned base for contemporary sculptures.
Stepped or tiered
Two or more stacked, recessed cubes create a sense of elevation and verticality. Shifting widths and heights add interest.
Column or pillar
A narrow rectangular or cylindrical column echoes classical architecture. Works well with figurative statues.
Tapered
A pedestal that gradually narrows toward the top provides a sense of lift. Angled sides also lead the eye upward.
Molded
Organic, free-form shapes complement abstract and moderns sculptures. Make from fiberglass or carve stone.
Incorporated base
For large public artworks, the pedestal may be integrated below ground, revealing only the sculpture above. Creates a floating effect.
Ornamentation and detailing
Beyond the basic form, pedestal designs can include decorative elements:
Moldings and trim
Classical architectural details like crown moldings, base trimmed and beadings bring visual interest. Conveys formality.
Surface textures
Materials like rough stone, fractured glass aggregates and textured metal panels provide tactile interest. Can reference the artwork.
Applied medallions
Carved discs, plaques or manufacturer’s plates displayed on the pedestal can provide information.
Inscriptions
Engraved text with the artwork or artist name and dates establish historical context.
Ornate legs
Pedestals with heavy turned columns or animal feet add baroque prestige.
Details should be tasteful and balanced, not overwrought. Avoid distracting from the main artwork.
Lighting
Illumination is an important consideration for pedestals, especially in indoor settings. Lighting creates visual emphasis and highlights the artwork at night. Lighting options include:
- Spotlights aimed at the sculpture itself.
- Strip lighting concealed on the pedestal edges.
- Ground lighting that illuminates the pedestal and artwork from below.
- Interior lights within the pedestal shining upward.
Properly lighting both the pedestal and artwork extends their visual impact into the evening and dark environments. This enhances the overall display.
Accessibility
For sculptures located in public spaces, making the display accessible to viewers of different physical abilities is required by law under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). The height, viewing angles and clearance around the pedestal should enable universal access. Key factors include:
- Limited overall heights so wheelchair users can see the sculpture clearly.
- Reach ranges that allow tactile interaction with the artwork, if intended.
- Clear floor space around the pedestal without objects or obstructions.
- Edge protection such as curbs or railings around elevated pedestals.
- Non-slip, wheelchair-friendly walking surfaces around the display.
An ADA compliant pedestal and site design enables equal cultural experiences.
Conclusion
There are many aesthetic and functional factors to weigh when designing an appropriate pedestal for showcasing a sculpture or artwork. The key considerations include properly scaling and proportioning the pedestal height and mass to match the artwork itself, integrating the pedestal and sculpture display into the surrounding environment, selecting suitable materials, incorporating lighting, and ensuring accessibility. Pedestals must provide sturdy structural support yet not visually overwhelm the artwork. With thoughtful design, pedestals can elevate sculptures into more meaningful and memorable works of public art.