How do you use a plastic pipe cutter?

Plastic pipes are commonly used for plumbing, irrigation, and general home improvement projects. Cutting plastic pipe is an essential skill when working with these materials. Using the proper cutting tool and technique helps ensure clean, straight cuts for joining pipes and fittings.

What is a Plastic Pipe Cutter?

A plastic pipe cutter is a specialized cutting tool designed specifically for cutting plastic pipes. It consists of a sharp blade mounted on a scissor-like handle. The pipe cutter wheel has a v-shaped notch that fits over the pipe to guide the blade for straight cuts. Most plastic pipe cutters have a ratcheting mechanism that allows the user to gradually tighten the cutter wheel to slice through the pipe material without crushing it.

Plastic pipe cutters are available in different sizes to accommodate different pipe diameters. Choosing the right size cutter for the pipe you are working with helps ensure optimal cutting accuracy.

Types of Plastic Pipe Cutters

There are a few different types of plastic pipe cutters:

• Ratcheting cutters – These have a gear mechanism that incrementally tightens the cutting wheel with each squeeze of the handle. This allows efficient cutting control.
• Scissor-style cutters – Basic cutters without a ratcheting mechanism. The blade force is applied manually through the handle.
• Rotary cutters – Powered, rotating plastic cutters for fast, efficient cuts.
• Saw cutters – Use a fine-toothed saw blade to cut pipes. Best for large diameter pipes.

Ratcheting cutters are the most common and versatile type used. They provide a good balance of control and convenience for most plastic pipe cutting needs.

How to Use a Plastic Pipe Cutter

Follow these basic steps for smooth, straight cuts when using a plastic pipe cutter:

1. Select the proper cutter size for the pipe diameter. Make sure the pipe fits into the cutter notch.
2. Mark the pipe where you want to make the cut. Use a pencil, marker, or painter’s tape.
3. Position the pipe in the cutter so the cutting wheel aligns with the marked cut line.
4. Begin rotating the cutter handle to engage the wheel into the pipe. Apply light pressure.
5. Continue turning the handle, tightening the wheel incrementally with each rotation.
6. As the wheel cuts deeper, tighten gradually to maintain control. Avoid overtightening.
7. Make rotations until the cut is complete. Take care not to crush the pipe.
8. Remove any burrs or jagged edges from the cut end using a knife or file.

The key is to tighten the cutting wheel slowly in increments. Rushing through the cut can snap the pipe or produce rough, uneven edges. Patience helps achieve clean cuts.

Cutting Tips

Follow these tips when using a plastic pipe cutter:

• Support both sides of the cut area to prevent sagging or cracking.
• Apply firm pressure when starting the cut to hold the pipe steady.
• Keep the wheel properly aligned with the cut line at all times.
• Pause to check cut accuracy and straightness as needed.
• Allow the cutter to do the work; don’t force the cut.
• Use a miter box guide for angled cuts.
• Cut plastic pipe 1/8″-1/4″ longer than measured to allow for cleanup.

Cutting Different Types of Plastic Pipe

Certain techniques apply when cutting common plastic pipe materials:

PVC

• Use a fine-tooth blade for rigid PVC pipe.
• Support pipe near the cut to prevent cracking as the wheel passes through.
• Cut in gradual stages, tightening the wheel slightly with each turn.

CPVC

• CPVC is more brittle than PVC; take care not to overtighten.
• Keep extra support near the cut area.
• Use a smooth, continuous motion when tightening the cutter.

PEX

• PEX tubing is flexible. Secure pipe to prevent pinching.
• Make shallow cuts, tightening minimally with each turn.
• Rotate the pipe as you cut to reduce distortion.

ABS

• ABS plastic is rigid but more easily cracked than PVC.
• Allow the cutter to cut gradually without forcing.
• Check cut alignment frequently.

In general, take care not to overtighten cutters on any plastic pipe type. Cut slowly and check cut accuracy to avoid damage.

Cutting Thick, Large Pipes

Thicker plastic pipes with larger diameters often require more heavy-duty cutters.

• Use a cutter with a wide wheel to distribute pressure across the pipe wall.
• Position extra supports beneath the pipe near the cut line.
• Make shallow initial cuts then increase pressure gradually as the cut deepens.
• Take periodic breaks to prevent overheating and melting.
• Consider using a reciprocating saw for pipes over 2″ diameter.

Attempting to cut a thick pipe in one pass can crack the pipe or warp the cutter. Make multiple shallow passes for clean cuts.

Cutting Long Pipes

Long plastic pipes tend to sag in the middle, causing uneven cutting. Use these strategies for straight cuts on long lengths:

• Support the full length of the pipe on a flat surface when cutting.
• Have someone support the pipe near the cut area.
• Start the cut from the supported end, not the middle.
• Use shallow, gradual passes to prevent cracks from flexing.
• Consider cutting shorter segments and rejoining if sagging persists.

Proper pipe supports prevent distortion for accurate cuts across long spans.

Cutting Plastic End Caps

Removing a section from an end-capped pipe requires strategic cuts:

1. Mark the pipe segment to be removed.
2. Make cuts 1/4″ beyond each endpoint to remove the capped section.
3. Make a longitudinal cut to open the pipe and release the cut segment.
4. Smooth any burrs around the new open pipe end.
5. Cap or plug the open end once complete.

Measuring accurately before cutting helps maintain the correct remaining pipe length after removing the section.

Maintaining and Replacing Cutters

Like any cutting tool, plastic pipe cutters require proper maintenance and occasional replacement for optimal performance:

• Inspect wheel teeth regularly. Replace if broken or excessively worn.
• Clean any buildup of pipe shavings from the wheel and handle.
• Lubricate gears and joints on ratcheting cutters.
• Check for loose screws and tighten if needed.
• Replace heavily used cutters annually for sharp cutting edges.

Dull, damaged, or dirty cutters make cutting more difficult and can crack or tear plastic pipes. Proper care maximizes cutter lifespan and performance.

Safety Tips

Observe these safety precautions when using plastic pipe cutters:

• Wear eye protection.
• Keep fingers away from the cutting wheel.
• Avoid awkward hand positions that can lead to slipping.
• Ensure adequate work area clearance for stable footing.
• Grip handle firmly when cutting.
• Do not exert excessive force.
• Take regular breaks to avoid repetitive strain.

Rushing pipe cutting or using excessive force heightens injury risks. Work calmly and carefully for safe results.

Conclusion

Plastic pipe cutting requires the right cutter and proper technique. Select an appropriate cutter size for the pipe diameter. Make gradual, incremental turns of the cutting wheel to slice through the pipe without cracking. Supporting the pipe near the cut prevents sagging and distortion. Observe safety precautions and maintain cutters in good condition. With practice and patience, clean, straight cuts can be achieved in various plastic piping materials for water-tight joints.