Rock salt is commonly used as an ice melting product during winter months. It is spread on sidewalks, driveways, and roads to help melt snow and ice to improve traction. While very effective, pet owners often wonder if it is safe for their dogs to walk on surfaces treated with rock salt. There are some risks to be aware of, but with proper precautions rock salt can be used safely around pets.
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What is Rock Salt?
Rock salt, also known as halite, is the mineral form of sodium chloride (NaCl). It is mined from ancient inland seabeds and salt deposits. Rock salt contains over 90% pure sodium chloride with some traces of magnesium, calcium sulfates, and moisture. The salt is crushed into granules or pellets to be used for deicing purposes.
The way rock salt works to melt ice and snow is through a process called freezing point depression. This means it lowers the freezing point of water via a colligative property of solutions. By decreasing the freezing point, the ice or snow melts. The melting allows for safer traction on slippery surfaces during winter weather.
Is Rock Salt Toxic to Dogs?
Rock salt itself is not directly toxic to dogs. However, ingesting extremely large amounts could potentially cause gastrointestinal issues like vomiting or diarrhea. Dogs would likely have to eat a substantial quantity of pure rock salt for it to be seriously dangerous.
The bigger concern is the effect the rock salt can have on a dog’s paws. Exposure to concentrated amounts of salt can lead to several problems including:
- Irritation and burning due to the abrasiveness of the granules
- Inflammation and cracking of paw pads
- Chemical burns on the skin
- Dehydration
Dogs may try to lick their irritated paws, thereby accidentally ingesting some salt which could then cause vomiting. The dehydration effect could occur if the salt draws moisture out of the paw tissue. These adverse effects are why precautions need to be taken when walking dogs where rock salt has been applied.
Best Practices to Protect Dogs
Here are some tips on how to safely walk dogs in areas where rock salt has been used:
Wipe Paws Afterward
Be sure to wipe your dog’s paws with a damp cloth when returning indoors. This will remove any stuck salt particles and prevent irritation. You can use a gentle dog-safe paw wash to fully cleanse the paws if needed.
Moisturize Paws
Applying a dog-safe paw balm or moisturizer before and after walks can help protect their paws. The waxes create a barrier and the oils and butters will combat drying and cracking. Look for products containing beeswax, shea butter, coconut oil or vitamin E.
Protect with Booties
Having your dog wear waterproof dog boots or paw protectors when walking in areas with salt provides a physical barrier against exposure. Just be sure to get a well-fitted set and introduce them slowly to get your dog comfortable wearing them.
Avoid Over-Salted Areas
Try walking your dog in grassy spaces or sidewalk areas that appear to have less rock salt application whenever possible. This minimizes their contact with the irritating salt.
Rinse Off After Going Out
Giving your dog’s paws a thorough rinse with lukewarm water when returning from winter walks will wash away any salt residue left behind. Be sure to dry them thoroughly afterwards.
Watch for Limping
If you notice your dog limping or signs of pain in their paws after walking in salty areas, consult your veterinarian. They can examine for any concerning injuries or burns. Temporary booties or limiting walks may be advised to allow their paws to heal.
Alternatives to Rock Salt
If you wish to avoid using traditional rock salt on your property, some alternative deicers include:
- Calcium chloride
- Magnesium chloride
- Calcium magnesium acetate
- Potassium chloride
- Urea
Research how corrosive and pet-safe these are before using. Other non-chemical options are sand or cat litter for improved traction. Evaluate any ice melt products before applying them with your dog’s safety in mind first.
Key Takeaways
- Rock salt itself is not toxic, but can irritate dog’s paws upon exposure.
- Take preventive measures like paw protection and washing paws to prevent injury.
- Avoid over-salted areas when possible or use alternative deicers.
- Check for limping or pain and consult a vet if noted.
- With proper precautions, dogs can walk safely in areas where rock salt is used.
Conclusion
Rock salt is an effective ice melting product, but precautions need to be taken to keep pets safe, especially dogs. The salt can irritate and damage dog’s paws when they walk on treated surfaces. However, by using protective measures like dog boots and paw balms, washing paws afterwards, and avoiding over-salted areas, the risks can be minimized. Responsible pet owners should be aware of the hazards to keep their dogs safe. With some simple steps, dogs can continue to go on winter walks while still protecting their paws from the dangers of rock salt.