Should AC condenser be covered?

Air conditioners provide comfort during the hot summer months by cooling and dehumidifying indoor air. A key component that enables this cooling is the outdoor condenser unit, which releases heat absorbed from inside to the outside environment. Some homeowners choose to cover or shield their AC condenser for various reasons. In this article, we’ll explore whether it is recommended to cover your AC condenser and examine the pros and cons of doing so.

What is an AC condenser?

The AC condenser, also called the condensing unit, is the outdoor portion of a split air conditioning system. It contains the compressor, condenser coils, and condenser fan. The compressor pressurizes refrigerant gas, which then passes through the condenser coils. As hot refrigerant flows through these coils, heat is released to the outside air, causing the refrigerant to condense into a liquid. The condenser fan helps facilitate this heat release by pulling in outside air across the coils. The liquid refrigerant then flows back inside to the evaporator coil, where it absorbs heat from indoor air and begins the cooling cycle again.

Why do some people cover their AC condenser?

There are a few reasons why some homeowners choose to cover or shield their outdoor AC condenser:

• Protect it from weather – Covers protect the condenser from rain, snow, falling leaves, and other debris that could accumulate on the unit. This helps prevent corrosion, clogging, and damage to the condenser over time.
• Improve efficiency – Covering the condenser may improve efficiency by shielding it from direct sunlight and preventing recirculation of hot discharged air. This can lower the condenser temperature and reduce power consumption.
• Reduce noise – Condenser covers can muffle noise from the unit, making it less disruptive for homeowners, neighbors, and passersby.
• Aesthetics – Covers provide a tidy, uniform appearance and conceal an otherwise unsightly mechanical unit.
• Deter theft – Locking covers can deter theft of copper condenser coils and other valuable components.

What types of condenser covers are available?

There are a few options for covering AC condenser units:

• Condenser blankets – These covers are made from thick, insulating material like vinyl, canvas, or polyester. They completely wrap around the condenser.
• Condenser shelters – These are box-like enclosures made from plastic, metal, or wood that shelter the condenser on all sides.
• Decorative covers – Covers made from plastic, canvas, or metal that fit over the top and sides of the condenser while allowing airflow through vents or mesh panels.
• Shrubbery and lattice – Strategic landscaping like bushes or trellises can partially conceal the condenser.
• Fencing – A fence around the condenser can hide it from view while still allowing airflow.

It’s important to select a cover that is breathable and won’t completely block airflow, which could cause the unit to overheat. Professional condenser covers are designed to allow adequate ventilation.

Should you cover your AC condenser?

Whether or not you should cover your AC condenser depends on several factors:

Climate

If you live in a climate with cold winters, covering could help protect the condenser from snow, ice, and very cold temperatures that can decrease its efficiency. Just make sure to remove the cover in spring so the unit can ventilate properly when back in use.

In very hot climates, covers may actually decrease efficiency by preventing heat dissipation, causing the unit to overheat. However, lightly ventilated covers can still shield the condenser from debris without overly insulating it.

Location

How exposed the condenser is to wind, weather elements, and debris should help guide your decision. A unit that receives a lot of direct sunlight and rain would benefit more from a cover than one in a protected, covered location.

Noise

In settings where noise needs to be minimized, such as near bedrooms or close to neighbors, a properly ventilated cover can help dampen operating noise from the condenser.

Security

In areas with higher theft rates, locking covers provide an extra level of security for condenser coils and wiring. Make sure the cover allows for enough airflow though.

Visibility

If the appearance of the condenser is an important factor, covers provide a tidy, uniform look compared to an exposed mechanical unit. Landscaping and fences can also visually conceal condensers.

Pros of covering your AC condenser

• Protects against weather damage and debris
• May improve efficiency by preventing recirculation of hot air
• Reduces noise from the unit
• Provides a more attractive, uniform appearance
• Deters theft and vandalism in some cases

Cons of covering your AC condenser

• Blocked airflow can cause overheating and reduce efficiency
• Cover cost and maintenance
• Some covers can rust or decay over time
• Improper cover installation may actually create trapped hot air and moisture
• Covers in very hot climates can do more harm than good

Best practices for covers

If you do choose to cover your AC condenser, follow these guidelines for optimal performance and safety:

• Select a lightweight, breathable cover that won’t completely block airflow. Look for covers specifically designed for AC condenser units.
• Ensure the cover is properly secured and won’t blow loose in high winds.
• Make sure there is adequate clearance between the cover and condenser, usually at least 12 inches.
• Periodically check under the cover to make sure there is no pooling of water, debris buildup, rust, or insect nests.
• Remove the cover before using the AC system each spring and replace it each fall when the unit is shut down.
• Monitor system performance – if you notice decreased efficiency, overheating, or odd performance, try removing the cover.

Alternatives to condenser covers

Here are some other options to help protect your AC condenser:

• Mount the condenser on a concrete pad above ground level to reduce moisture and debris.
• Construct a simple A-frame cover above the condenser to shield it from rain and falling leaves.
• Install wire mesh screens at the condenser intake and exhaust to prevent debris accumulation.
• Keep plants, bushes, and other structures at least 2 feet away from all sides of the condenser.
• Use landscaping and fencing to hide the condenser without obstructing airflow.
• Apply condenser coil protective spray to prevent corrosion and deterioration.

Conclusion

Covering your air conditioner condenser has some benefits but also carries some risks. In most cases, it’s recommended to leave your condenser uncovered and instead use other means to protect it, enhance performance, reduce noise, and improve aesthetics. Covers should be a selective, cautious choice. When in doubt, consult HVAC experts to determine if a cover is right for your unique condenser situation and climate. With smart preventive maintenance and airflow considerations, your condenser can function efficiently for years while uncovered.