Spiders are commonly found in basements, which can be alarming or annoying for homeowners. There are a few key reasons spiders end up in basements:
- Dark, undisturbed spaces
- Prey
- Moisture
- Access points
Understanding what attracts spiders to basements can help homeowners reduce the number of spiders inside. While most spiders pose no threat to humans, no one wants their basement overrun with 8-legged creatures. This guide will examine the main factors that attract spiders to basements and provide tips for spider prevention and control.
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Why Spiders Are Drawn to Basements
There are a few primary reasons that spiders end up inhabiting basement spaces:
Dark and Undisturbed
Spiders prefer dark, secluded spaces away from activity and disturbances. Basements provide ideal habitat with their low light levels and minimal foot traffic. Cracks and crevices in the walls and foundation give spiders plenty of hiding spots. They can create webs and egg sacs without them getting knocked down by movement.
Prey
Insects and other small invertebrates that wander into basements attract hungry spiders looking for a meal. Common spider prey found in homes includes flies, mosquitoes, crickets, silverfish, earwigs, millipedes, and cockroaches. Basements contain many foundations gaps, pipes, and vents that allow these prey items inside.
Moisture
Spiders need sufficient humidity to survive, so damp basements appeal to them. Some moisture occurs through the concrete walls and floor over time. High relative humidity also builds up in basements without proper ventilation and dehumidification. Excess moisture provides the right conditions for spiders and their prey.
Access Points
Openings in the foundation and walls of a home provide easy access points for spiders to get into basements. Cracks, gaps around pipes or wiring, vents, and unscreened windows give spiders an open invitation inside. They can sneak in from outside through these entry points.
Common Basement Spider Species
Many different spider species may inhabit basement spaces depending on the region. Here are some of the most common basement spider species:
| Spider | Identification | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Cellar spider | Long, thin legs, small body, make messy-looking webs in corners | Harmless to humans, helps control other insects |
| Wolf spider | Hairy, brown or grey spider, large prominent eyes, do not spin webs | Harmless, but some large species can bite in defense |
| House spider | Dark brown spider with diamond shape on back, makes sheet-like webs | Venomous but not aggressive, rarely bites humans |
| Jumping spider | Compact, hairy spider with large front eyes, jumps to catch prey | Harmless to humans |
| Black widow | Shiny black spider with red hourglass shape on underside | Venomous bite, but keep away from humans |
These are just a few examples of spiders that may inhabit basements if conditions are favorable. The most common groups are cobweb spiders, funnel weavers, and sheet weavers. Understanding their habits and tendencies is key for control.
Preventing and Controlling Basement Spiders
While a few spider residents may be inevitable, homeowners can take steps to reduce and manage basement spider populations:
Reduce Clutter
Clear stacks of boxes, equipment, and other items that create places for spiders to hide and build webs. Clutter also collects dust that can attract insect prey.
Dehumidify
Use a dehumidifier to keep basement humidity under 50%. Lower humidity makes conditions less welcoming so fewer spiders will hang around.
Improve Ventilation
Make sure vents are clear and allow air flow. Keeping air circulating helps prevent moist, stagnant conditions. Install exhaust fans if needed.
Fill Gaps and Cracks
Seal any openings along walls, floor, pipes, and foundation with caulk or other filler. This removes access points for spiders to enter from outside.
Keep It Clean
Regular vacuuming, sweeping, and cleaning removes spiders, webs, and food sources like insects and dust. Discourage spiders from sticking around.
Reduce Lighting
Since spiders avoid bright areas, minimize lighting in the basement. Use fewer light sources and lower wattage bulbs. Turn off lights when not needed.
Use Repellents and Deterrents
Apply natural peppermint, citrus, or vinegar oil repellents in corners and potential spider entry points. Place sticky traps or pheromone deterrents where you tend to see spiders.
Employ Integrated Pest Management
Combine prevention methods along with limited chemical control if needed. Only use pesticides labeled for indoor spider treatment and apply carefully according to instructions.
When to Call for Professional Spider Control
Home remedies and prevention steps should be the first line of defense against basement spiders. However, if spider issues persist despite your best efforts, contact a licensed pest control professional. They have the tools and expertise to inspect your home, identify spider hot spots, and implement targeted treatments to clear out unwanted arachnids and keep them away. Bring in the pros if you:
– See numerous large or venomous spiders like black widows
– Notice excessive webs or egg sacs
– Have spiders invading living spaces upstairs
– Are uncomfortable dealing with spiders yourself
– Have health concerns about venomous spider bites
– Tried DIY steps without success
A professional exterminator will assess the scope of the issue and whether intensive pesticide spraying is warranted or if traps and vacuuming can resolve things. They can also provide advice on exclusion and habitat modification tactics to make your home less hospitable long-term.
Conclusion
It’s common for basements to attract spiders due to the cool, damp, secluded environment they provide. While most household spiders are harmless, large populations can certainly become a nuisance. Sealing cracks, running dehumidifiers, eliminating food sources and clutter, and employing repellents are proactive ways homeowners can discourage spiders from sticking around and building extensive webs in the basement. But don’t hesitate to bring in an exterminator if spider issues persist despite diligent prevention efforts. With a little vigilance, you can have your basement space back and keep uninvited arachnids from cramping your style.