What is the best glue for black plastic pipes?

When it comes to joining black plastic pipes, having the right adhesive is crucial for creating strong, lasting bonds. Black plastic pipes like ABS and PVC are commonly used in plumbing, irrigation, and drainage systems. The key to picking the right glue for these pipes is understanding the different types of black plastic pipe material and the adhesive formulations made specifically for them.

What are the most common types of black plastic pipe?

There are two major types of black plastic pipe used in residential and commercial applications:

• ABS pipe – Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene pipe, a lightweight and versatile plastic pipe used in drainage and vent systems.
• PVC pipe – Polyvinyl chloride pipe, a durable plastic pipe used for potable water supply, waste drainage, and underground utility construction.

The key difference between ABS and PVC is the base resin used to manufacture the pipes. ABS is made from an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene polymer blend while PVC is made from polyvinyl chloride. The different chemical compositions mean adhesives made for ABS pipes won’t work as well on PVC and vice versa.

Choosing the right glue for ABS pipes

For ABS pipes, the recommended adhesives are:

• ABS cement
• Multi-purpose ABS cement
• Heavy duty ABS cement
• All-purpose ABS cement

These ABS-specific cements are solvent-based adhesives formulated to melt and fuse ABS surfaces together for a strong, watertight bond. Most brands contain a mixture of ABS resin, acetone, and other solvents like methyl ethyl ketone (MEK).

When applying ABS cement:

• Use a dauber applicator or narrow brush to coat both joining surfaces with cement.
• Assemble connections immediately while cement is still wet.
• Hold aligned for 30 seconds to prevent slippage.
• Allow full cure time before pressurizing system.

Advantages of ABS Cements

• Creates solid fusions and seals on ABS pipes and fittings.
• Bonds instantly and sets very quickly in just minutes.
• Withstands up to 440 psi of pressure when fully cured.
• Works at a wide range of temperatures from -40&#176F to 180&#176F.

Choosing the right PVC pipe cement

For PVC pipes, the recommended adhesives are:

• PVC cement
• All-purpose PVC cement
• High strength PVC cement
• Medium bodied PVC cement
• Orange or clear PVC cement

PVC cement is also a solvent-based adhesive that welds PVC by dissolving the surfaces and fusing them together. Key ingredients include PVC resins, tetrahydrofuran (THF), and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK).

When using PVC cement:

• Apply liberal coat of cement on both pipe and fittings with applicator.
• Assemble parts together immediately while wet.
• Hold for 30 seconds aligned to prevent pipe slippage.
• Allow joints to cure for at least 24 hours before pressure testing.

Benefits of PVC Cements

• Creates strong fusions and seals specifically designed for PVC pipes.
• Fast-setting in just a few minutes.
• Withstands pressures over 1,000 psi when fully cured.
• Performs across a wide temperature range from 0&#176F to 150&#176F.

Choosing Between ABS vs PVC Cement

When selecting a glue for black plastic pipes, it’s critical to match the adhesive to the pipe material:

• ABS cement for ABS plastic pipes and fittings.
• PVC cement for PVC plastic pipes and fittings.

While both ABS and PVC pipes are used for similar applications, the cements formulated for each are not interchangeable:

• Using ABS cement on PVC pipe will result in a weak bond prone to leaks.
• Using PVC cement on ABS pipe can result in pipe system failures.

This is because the solvents and resins in the adhesives are specially formulated to melt and fuse with either ABS or PVC. Using the wrong cement can compromise the long-term strength and sealing of the joints.

Identifying ABS vs PVC Pipes

Since black ABS and PVC pipes look nearly identical, here are some tips for distinguishing between them:

• Check markings – ABS pipes are marked “ABS”, PVC pipes marked “PVC”.
• Simmer test – Place a pipe piece in hot water, PVC will bend while ABS will remain rigid.
• Acetone test – Apply a drop of acetone, ABS will be damaged while PVC is generally unaffected.
• Burn test – Burn a pipe piece, PVC will continue burning while ABS self-extinguishes.

When in doubt, consult the product specifications or contact the pipe manufacturer. Using the correct cement designed for the specific plastic pipe material is essential.

Selecting the Right ABS or PVC Cement Product

When selecting an appropriate ABS or PVC cement, consider these factors:

• Pipe material – Match adhesive to pipe (ABS vs PVC).
• Pipe size – Choose product suitable for pipe diameter.
• Pressure rating – Select cement rated for system pressure.
• Temperature range – Consider climate and fluid temperatures.
• Set and cure times – Faster setting for wet conditions.
• Codes – Ensure product complies with plumbing codes.

Top ABS and PVC cement brands include Oatey, Christie, Weld-On, and IPS. These leading manufacturers offer a range of solvent cement products specifically designed for different size ABS and PVC pipes and various applications.

Using PVC or ABS Cement Properly

To ensure strong, leak-free bonds, it’s vital to use PVC and ABS cements correctly:

• Read and follow all manufacturer instructions.
• Confirm cement is suitable for pipe material and size.
• Surfaces must be cleaned and free of moisture and debris.
• Apply adequate cement coating on both surfaces.
• Assemble immediately while cement is still wet.
• Hold alignment for 30+ seconds until initial set.
• Allow full bond cure time before pressurizing system.
• Avoid moving or stressing joints before fully cured.

Proper PVC and ABS cement application results in strong, lasting bonds able to withstand many years of service.

Troubleshooting Common Black Plastic Pipe Gluing Issues

Some common problems when gluing black plastic pipes and how to avoid them:

Pipe Slippage

Pipe slips out of alignment while cement is wet. To prevent, hold joints aligned for 30+ seconds during initial set time.

Poor Fusion

Inadequate bond strength due to insufficient cement. Apply ample coat of cement on both surfaces before assembly.

Off-Center Joints

Uneven gap around pipe due to misalignment. Keep pipes straight and centered while cement cures.

Slow Cure Times

Cement takes too long to bond and set. Use appropriate cement for the temperature conditions.

Leaking Joints

Leaks and drips due to gaps, cracks or insufficient cement. Ensure complete coverage and proper cure time.

Safety Tips When Using PVC and ABS Cements

Solvent-based PVC and ABS cements contain volatile chemicals, so safety is important:

• Work in well-ventilated area.
• Wear protective gloves and eye protection.
• Avoid skin and eye contact.
• Keep away from open flames or sparks.
• Store cement properly sealed and upright.

Read all safety warnings and instructions on cement packaging. Take precautions to use PVC and ABS cements safely.

Conclusion

Joining black plastic pipes like ABS and PVC requires using the proper solvent cement adhesive formulated specifically for the pipe material. PVC cement is designed for PVC pipes, while ABS cement is made for ABS plastic pipes. Matching the correct cement to the pipe is crucial for creating lasting bonds. Follow all manufacturer instructions carefully for proper application and safe use of plastic pipe cements.