What is the best way to store a boat in the winter?

When the cold weather starts rolling in, it’s time for boat owners to start thinking about how to properly store their boat for the winter months. Proper winter boat storage is crucial to protecting your investment and ensuring your boat is ready to go when spring arrives.

Why is winter storage important for boats?

Boats are designed to be used in the water during warm weather months. When temperatures drop below freezing, components like the engine, plumbing system, and hull can become damaged if left unprotected. Some of the biggest threats to boats during winter include:

• Cracking and blistering of the hull and deck from freezing and thawing
• Corrosion and rustformation onmetal components
• Damage to engine intakesystems from ingesting waterthat freezes
• Mildew, mold, and rotfrom moisture buildup
• Rodents chewing on wiring,cushions, hoses

To avoid expensive repairs or having to replace equipment, proper winterization and storage is a must. The method you choose will depend on the type of boat and your local winter climate.

Winter storage options

There are three main options for storing a boat during the winter months:

Outdoor storage

Outdoor storage is the most affordable option but offers the least amount of protection. Some considerations include:

• Choose a location out of direct sunand sheltered from rain, snow, andwind if possible
• Use a boat cover or tarp designedfor winter use
• Prop up the boat onjack stands to allow airflowunder the hull
• Remove drain plugs to preventrainwater accumulation
• Charge battery regularlyand disconnect when done

Outdoor storage requires diligent winterization to protect systems from freezing and moisture damage.

Dry storage

Dry storage provides much better protection by keeping the boat in an enclosed, climate controlled facility. Options include:

• Indoor warehousing
• Enclosed storage units
• Permanent sheltersor boathouses

The main advantages of dry storage include protection from snow, rain, ice, and rodents. It’s still important to winterize systems but there is less risk of weather-related damage.

Wet storage

This involves keeping the boat in the water but requires taking additional precautions:

• Choose a protected marina or inlet less prone to freezing
• Consider hauling the boat out every 3-5 years for hull cleaning
• Use extra lines and fenders to secure the boat
• Remove drain plugs to prevent water accumulation if freezing is a concern
• Maintain winterization measures like antifreeze in systems

Wet storage may be more convenient for boats that are frequently used but still requires proper maintenance to avoid ice damage.

How to winterize engine, plumbing, and other systems

To properly winterize a boat for storage, there are some key maintenance tasks to carry out beforehand:

Flushing the engine

Flushing the engine helps remove salt, sediment, and water. This prevents corrosion and freeze damage over the winter. The process involves:

1. Obtain flushing attachment designed for your engine
2. Hook up garden hose and turn on water supply
3. Start engine and run for 5-10 minutes in neutral
4. Remove flushing attachment and reconnect water intake hose

Fuel stabilization

Treating the fuel ensures it doesn’t degrade and protects the fuel system. Options include adding stabilizer chemicals or running the engine dry of fuel.

Changing oils

Replace the engine oil and transmission fluid. Fresh oil protects components and prevents sludge formation.

Draining water systems

Remove water drain plugs from the engine block. Disconnect hoses and use pressurized air to blow out any remaining water from the system.

Adding antifreeze

Introduce RV antifreeze into any pumps, motors, reservoirs or pipes that normally contain water. This includes:

• Livewell system
• Bilge pumps
• Ballast tanks
• Toilets and pumps
• Washdown systems

Let antifreeze run fully through each system so no water remains.

Corrosion protection

Spray or coat metal components like anchor chains, propellers and outdrives with corrosion blocking chemicals. Protect connectors and battery terminals.

Electronics and electrical

Remove batteries and store indoors if possible. Charge monthly and clean corrosion from terminals. Cover and secure electrical panels and electronics.

Storing smaller items

Don’t forget about properly storing all the ancillary gear and accessories as well:

• Lifejackets – Deflate and store in a dry location
• Fenders – Allow to thoroughly air dry before placing in storage
• Lines – Coil and store out of sunlight or harsh weather
• Covers – Clean and let dry before folding up
• Cushions – Take home or store in a breathable bag or indoor location
• Gear – Clean and dry boating gear like waterskis, wakeboards, tubing, ropes, tools, and safety equipment before storage

Maintaining the hull

Depending on the boat’s construction, you may need to take some extra steps to maintain the hull:

Fiberglass hull

• Wax the gelcoat and apply protectant to avoid oxidation
• Check for cracks or blisters and repair as needed
• Clean scum lines and algae growth
• Inspect the keel and rudder for damage

Wooden hull

• Inspect planks and caulking for leaks or rot
• Consider applying epoxy sealant on bare wood
• Check for blistering or cracked paint/varnish
• Ensure bilge areas stay dry

Metal hull

• Immediately clean any corrosion
• Apply touch up paint where needed
• Coat hull with corrosion blocking spray
• Zincs and anodes may need replacement

No matter the hull material, inspecting for damage and applying protectants is key.

How to clean different boat surfaces

Giving the boat a thorough cleaning before storage is important. Here are tips for cleaning common boat surfaces:

Fiberglass

Use a biodegradable boat soap and nonabrasive cloth or sponge. Avoid harsh cleaners which can damage the gelcoat. For stains, try white vinegar or baking soda.

Canvas

Use a soft bristle brush and mild detergent. For mold/mildew stains, use white vinegar or bleach mixtures. Allow to completely air dry.

Vinyl

Use vinyl cleaners and protectants made specifically for boats. Remove stains with baking soda paste and rinse thoroughly.

Wood

Scrub with a wood cleaner using a soft brush. For oily stains, use baking soda. Let dry completely before varnishing.

Metal

Remove rust spots with naval jelly. Use a boat polish/wax to restore shine. Avoid harsh cleaners that can damage metal.

Chrome

Use a chrome polish to remove oxidation. To restore shine, apply rubbing compound followed by wax.

Plexiglass

Use mild soap and water. Dry with microfiber cloth to avoid scratches. Avoid abrasive cleaners.

Consult your owner’s manual for specific cleaning recommendations based on your boat’s construction and finishes.

Tips for rodent control

Mice, squirrels and other rodents can wreak havoc on stored boats by nesting in cushions and chewing through wiring. Some tips to deter them include:

• Remove food sources like snacks, beverages and bait
• Seal off entry points into compartments, lockers, etc.
• Use traps or poison baits where allowed
• Place mothballs or dryer sheets as repellents
• Use loud music or exterior lights to scare them off
• Letting a marina cat roam the boat may deter rodents

Be sure to check for any signs of infestation during routine winter checks.

Steps for removing a boat from storage

Taking proper steps when decommissioning your boat in the spring will ensure everything is working properly and prevent damage:

1. Charge and reinstall batteries that were removed
2. Inspect engine for leaks, bugs, rodents, etc.
3. Replace engine fluids, filters, spark plugs as needed
4. Check coolant levels and condition
5. Reconnect hoses to water intake fittings
6. Turn on electrical components and electronics
7. Remove protective coverings from surfaces
8. Check safety gear for condition and expiration
9. Inspect hull, deck, cabin for any damage or leaks
10. Test operability of systems – steering, trim, electronics, etc.
11. Take boat for shakedown cruise to confirm seaworthiness
12. Perform annual maintenance if needed – tune up, new zincs/anodes, etc.

Addressing any issues promptly will have your boat ready to launch and enjoy.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the ideal way to support a boat on stands?

The boat should be supported properly on jack stands under the manufacturer’s recommended lifting points. This avoids stressing the hull. Plywood pads can be placed between the stands and hull to prevent abrasion.

Should I disconnect the batteries when storing the boat?

Yes, you should remove the batteries and store them indoors if possible. This prevents discharge over the winter. Batteries should be cleaned and charged monthly.

How often should I check on my stored boat?

Ideally, you should check on your boat’s condition every 2-4 weeks in winter. Look for leaks, pests, cracking, discharge, and make sure the boat cover is secure.

Can I reuse antifreeze each winter?

It’s best to drain and replace old antifreeze annually. Over time it loses its ability to prevent freezing and properly winterize systems. Use as directed to flush systems.

What is the proper way to cover a boat?

The cover should be secured around the entire hull to prevent flapping in wind. Allow for air circulation under main part of cover. Use support poles to prevent sagging.

Key takeaways

• Thoroughly winterizing engines, plumbing, and onboard systems is crucial
• Outdoor, indoor, and wet storage options each have pros and cons to consider
• Take steps to prevent damage from freezing, pests, mildew, and corrosion
• Carefully clean and maintain the hull prior to storage
• Allow sufficient air circulation around the boat
• Check on the boat periodically throughout winter
• Inspect systems carefully when launching the boat in spring

Conclusion

With proper preparation and diligent care, boat owners can help their vessel survive the off-season in great shape. Taking the time to winterize, finding the right storage option, maintaining the hull, and controlling pests will go a long way in preventing expensive winter damage. Thoroughly inspecting and recommissioning the boat in spring will ensure many years of reliable performance during the boating season.