When using a space heater, it is important to use the right kind of extension cord to ensure safety and proper functionality. Choosing an extension cord with the proper gauge wire and correct length will allow your space heater to run efficiently.
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Key Factors to Consider
There are a few key factors to consider when selecting an extension cord for your space heater:
- Wattage rating – The extension cord must be rated for the wattage of the space heater. Check the wattage rating on the space heater and choose an extension cord that meets or exceeds it.
- Wire gauge – The wire gauge indicates the thickness of the wires inside the extension cord. Lower gauge numbers indicate thicker wires which can safely handle more power. For a space heater, choose an extension cord with 12 AWG or 14 AWG wire.
- Length – Avoid long extension cords which can cause voltage drop. Opt for the shortest cord possible that will reach the outlet.
- Indoor vs. outdoor – Only use extension cords rated for indoor use. Outdoor cords are not safety rated for indoor applications.
- Certifications – Look for extension cords that are UL, ETL or CSA certified for safety.
Recommended Wire Gauge
The recommended wire gauge depends on the wattage rating of your specific space heater:
| Space Heater Wattage | Minimum Recommended Wire Gauge |
|---|---|
| Up to 1500W | 16 AWG |
| 1501W – 1800W | 14 AWG |
| 1801W – 2500W | 12 AWG |
As a general rule of thumb:
- For space heaters up to 1500W, use at least 16 AWG extension cord
- For 1500W to 1800W heaters, use a 14 AWG extension cord
- For 1800W to 2500W heaters, use a 12 AWG extension cord
Thicker 12 AWG and 14 AWG wires are safer for high wattage space heaters. The thicker wires won’t overheat as easily.
Recommended Cord Lengths
Avoid using overly long extension cords with space heaters, as the extra cord length can cause voltage drop. Voltage drop occurs when some power is lost over the length of the cord, meaning less electricity reaches your heater. This causes the heater to not perform as efficiently.
Follow these recommendations for safe cord lengths based on wire gauge:
| Wire Gauge | Maximum Recommended Length |
|---|---|
| 16 AWG | 50 ft |
| 14 AWG | 75 ft |
| 12 AWG | 100 ft |
When possible, opt for the shortest cord length that will comfortably reach from the heater to the outlet. Avoid cord lengths longer than 10-15 feet if feasible.
Other Safety Tips
Keep these additional electrical safety tips in mind when using an extension cord with your space heater:
- Fully unwind the extension cord and do not leave it coiled while in use.
- Make sure the extension cord is rated for indoor use only.
- Never use damaged, frayed, or cracked extension cords.
- Do not overload the extension cord by plugging in multiple devices.
- Make sure the extension cord plug fits snugly into the outlet.
- Do not run cords under rugs where heat can build up.
- Never cover cords with blankets or furniture.
- Don’t let pets or children play near the cord.
Choosing the Right Extension Cord
When selecting an extension cord for your space heater, read the product descriptions and specifications carefully. The cord should state its wattage rating, wire gauge, and length. Choose a cord rated for at least the wattage of your heater, with an appropriate wire gauge and safe length based on the guidance provided.
Quality extension cords made by reputable brands are safer options. Look for cords that are UL, ETL, or CSA certified. Avoid “no-name” cords that do not have wattage, gauge, or length markings.
It’s also advisable to inspect extension cords periodically for damage and replace them if needed. Damaged or worn out cords present a fire and shock risk.
Recommended Extension Cords
Here are some top-rated, high quality extension cord options to use with your space heater:
- Cooper 16AWG Indoor Extension Cord – For heaters up to 1500W, 16AWG, 15ft
- Dewenwils 14AWG Extension Cord – For 1500-1800W heaters, 14AWG, 12ft
- Philips 12AWG Heavy Duty Extension Cord – For 1800-2500W heaters, 12AWG, 10ft
- GE Polarized Indoor Extension Cord – 16AWG, 15ft, right-angle plug
- Cable Matters Outdoor Extension Cord – Durable cold-weather cord for outdoor use
Buying the proper gauge and length extension cord for your exact space heater will provide safe, reliable performance. Always check the wattage requirements and use the shortest cord possible.
Conclusion
Choosing the correct extension cord is crucial to using your space heater safely and effectively. The cord must be rated for the wattage of your heater, with the appropriate wire gauge for that wattage level. 12 AWG or 14 AWG thickness is best for most heaters. Opt for the shortest cord length possible, and no more than 50ft for 16 AWG, 75ft for 14 AWG, and 100ft for 12 AWG. Carefully inspect cords for damage and unwind them fully when in use. Following these recommendations will ensure safe power delivery to your space heater.