Changing your own oil can save you money and allow you to get to know your vehicle better. However, to complete an oil change successfully, you need the right tools. Here’s a quick overview of the basic equipment you’ll need:
- Oil filter wrench – Used to loosen and remove the old oil filter.
- Drain pan – Catches the used oil as it drains from the engine.
- Funnel – Guides new oil into the engine once the old oil is drained.
- Ramps/jack and jack stands – Safely raises the vehicle so you can access the oil drain plug and oil filter.
- Socket wrench and oil drain plug socket – Removes the drain plug to let the oil drain out.
- Oil – The new oil to refill the engine after draining out the old oil.
- Rags/paper towels – For cleaning up spills and drips.
- Gloves – Protect your hands from oil and grease.
In addition to these basic tools, there are a few other items that can make an oil change easier:
- Oil filter cap wrench – Makes removing some oil filters easier.
- Speed handle – Fits on the socket wrench to allow you to remove the drain plug quicker.
- Oil extractor pump – An alternative to draining oil manually.
- Rhino ramps – Lower profile ramps that provide access without jacking up the vehicle as high.
With the right preparation and tools, you can tackle this routine maintenance task yourself. Now let’s look at each item in more detail.
Page Contents
Essential Oil Change Tools
Here is more information about the basic tools you’ll need to change your oil:
Oil Filter Wrench
The oil filter is responsible for removing contaminants from the engine oil. When you change your oil, you need to remove the old filter and install a new one. Oil filters are sealed on very tightly, so trying to remove them by hand is nearly impossible. That’s why you need an oil filter wrench.
There are three common types of oil filter wrenches:
- Strap wrench – A band that wraps around the filter and tightens when you twist the handle.
- Cup wrench – Circular metal cup that grips the bottom of the filter.
- Plastic cap wrench – Special wrench made to fit over the end of specific brands/styles of filters.
The strap and cup styles fit a wide variety of filters from different vehicles. The plastic cap wrenches are usually only compatible with one filter type. Whichever style you choose, make sure the wrench fits properly over your vehicle’s filter. Take the wrench with you when buying a replacement filter to test the fit.
Drain Pan
When you remove the oil drain plug, the used oil starts flowing out of the engine quickly. You need a drain pan positioned under the drain hole to catch the oil. Drain pans designed for oil changes have a shallow profile so they can fit under low ground clearance vehicles.
Look for a drain pan that holds at least 4-6 quarts of liquid. It should also have a non-slip grip on the outside to prevent spilling. A pouring spout makes transferring used oil into disposal containers easier. Consider getting a drain pan with pre-marked volume levels to help you determine if all the oil has fully drained out.
Funnel
Once the used oil is drained, you need to pour fresh oil back into the engine. Pouring oil straight from the bottle can result in spills around the fill hole. Using an automotive funnel allows you to guide the new oil into the small opening cleanly.
Look for a heavy duty plastic or metal funnel designed for pouring oil. Make sure the funnel’s opening matches the size of your engine’s oil fill hole. Funnels with attached flexible spouts are easier to maneuver into tight spaces.
Jack and Jack Stands
Safely raising your vehicle off the ground provides the clearance you need to access the oil drain plug and oil filter. Jack stands support the weight of the raised vehicle so you can work safely under it. Here are some recommendations when choosing jack stands:
- Jack stand capacity should match or exceed the curb weight of your vehicle.
- Prefer stands with a wide pyramid base for better stability.
- Ensure the saddle pad sits flat against the jacking point.
- Buy pairs of stands with the same weight ratings to support both sides.
For the jack, hydraulic bottle jacks or scissors jacks provide good lifting performance. Select a jack rated for at least 2 tons so it can lift most vehicles. Place jack stands at the factory specified jacking points once the vehicle is raised.
Socket Wrench and Oil Drain Plug Socket
The drain plug at the bottom of the oil pan uses a hex bolt head. To remove this plug, you need a socket wrench and the correct size socket to fit the bolt. The socket size is typically printed in the owner’s manual. Common sizes are around 19mm, 22mm or 24mm.
A socket wrench allows you to safely loosen the drain plug using leverage. Breaker bars provide extra leverage for stubborn plugs. Make sure the socket wrench is long enough to reach the drain plug. Extensions help add length.
Choose a hex oil drain plug socket rather than a standard 6-point socket. The hex shape grips better so you are less likely to round off the bolt head.
Oil
After draining the old oil, refill the engine with new oil to the proper level. Refer to your owner’s manual for the recommended oil viscosity and classification for your vehicle. The viscosity grade (5W-20, 10W-30 etc.) is usually printed on the oil filler cap as well.
Only use oil that meets the vehicle manufacturer’s specifications. API “Starburst” certification confirms the oil meets the latest performance standards recommended for your vehicle. Purchase oil in 5-quart jugs so you have enough for a full oil change.
Rags and Paper Towels
Oil changes inevitably involve spills and drips of oil. Having rags or paper towels on hand helps you clean up messes before they spread. Paper towels are disposable while rags can be washed and reused.
Keep some paper towels or rags within easy reach when draining the oil. Place them under the drain plug and filter to catch initial drips. Once finished, wipe any oil pools off the drain pan, tools or floor. Properly dispose of soiled rags and paper towels when finished.
Gloves
Wearing gloves keeps oil and grime off your hands during an oil change. Nitrile gloves resist tearing and punctures from sharp engine parts. Avoid latex gloves, which can degrade from exposure to oil. For maximum dexterity, use thin disposable gloves.
Change gloves anytime they become excessively dirty. Reusing the same gloves just spreads more contaminants around. Have extra gloves on hand in case the first pair gets damaged. Properly dispose of used gloves when finished.
Optional Oil Change Tools
Beyond the basic tools, here are some other items that can streamline your oil changing experience:
Oil Filter Cap Wrench
Some oil filters use a cap on top that you loosen instead of using a base wrench. Plastic oil filter cap wrenches fit over the tops of these filters and provide leverage to twist them off. The wrench fits in the notches molded into the filter cap. Match the size and shape of the wrench to the brand of filter on your vehicle.
Speed Handle
A speed handle is a cross-shaped handle that replaces the crank arm on your socket wrench. It gives you enhanced grip and leverage so you can remove the drain plug faster. Speed handles also allow you to pull with your stronger arm muscles instead of only turning with your wrist. Remove the wrench’s crank arm and install the speed handle in its place when needed.
Oil Extractor Pump
This hand-operated pump fits down the oil dipstick tube. It pumps out the old oil through the dipstick rather than draining it from the pan. This avoids having to jack up the vehicle or remove the drain plug.
Simply insert the pickup tube, then pump the oil out into your drain pan. Extractor pumps are slower than conventional draining but useful in certain situations. Make sure the pump is rated for the suction needed to pull out your vehicle’s oil capacity.
Rhino Ramps
Low profile ramps like Race Ramps and Rhino Ramps only raise vehicles 3-6 inches off the ground. That’s enough to reach the oil drain plug and filter on some vehicles while still allowing access under the front. Ramps eliminate the need to fully jack up the vehicle.
Make sure to check your vehicle’s oil pan and filter position first. The ramps won’t work if they block access. Also check the approach angle to ensure the ramps don’t contact any low hanging parts on your vehicle.
Step-By-Step Oil Change Procedure
Now that you’re familiar with the necessary oil change tools, here is a typical step-by-step process for DIY oil changes:
- Position vehicle on jack stands or ramps and apply parking brake.
- Remove oil fill cap to allow air flow.
- Place drain pan underneath oil drain plug.
- Use wrench to remove drain plug and drain old oil.
- Clean drain plug threads with rag before reinstalling.
- Position drain pan under filter and use wrench to remove.
- Lubricate filter gasket with new oil before installing replacement.
- Hand tighten filter until gasket lightly contacts the base.
- Reinstall drain plug and tighten to specified torque.
- Lower vehicle if raised and refill with new oil through funnel.
- Check dipstick and top off oil to full mark if needed.
- Dispose of used filter and oil properly.
Always refer to your vehicle owner’s manual for the proper oil change procedure. Manufacturers may have additional or different steps depending on the model.
Safety Tips
Here are some important safety recommendations when changing your oil:
- Keep open flames away since motor oil is flammable.
- Wear eye protection in case oil splashes or drips.
- Use jack stands and chock tires when lifted.
- Avoid working beneath just a jack which can collapse.
- Check for oil leaks after refilling and correct as needed.
- Wash your hands thoroughly when finished.
Rushing through an oil change risks accidents, so allow plenty of time. Have all your tools prepared beforehand to avoid frustration. Changing your own oil requires work, but provides satisfaction and saves money.
Alternative Oil Change Methods
Beyond the traditional oil change process, some alternative methods are gaining popularity:
Quick Oil Change Shops
You can always leave oil changes to the professionals rather than DIY. Quick lube shops like Jiffy Lube perform oil changes in under 30 minutes while you wait in the store. They handle disposing of the used oil too. This costs more than doing it yourself but is very convenient.
Mobile Oil Change Services
New mobile oil change companies will come to your home or workplace to service your vehicle on the spot. You don’t even have to be present – just leave your keys so they can access the engine. Mobile services save you time but are one of the most expensive oil change options.
Electric Powered Drain Pumps
These small electric pumps attach to the oil pan and suck out the old oil through a tube. They eliminate having to get under the vehicle and manually open the drain plug. Just attach and turn on the pump.
Powered pumps drain more quickly than manual extractors. However, they require access to an electrical outlet to operate. Make sure to get a pump that fits your oil pan opening.
Disposing of Used Oil
Responsibly disposing of the used motor oil is just as important as the oil change itself. Never dump oil down a household drain or onto the ground. Here are the recommended disposal options:
Recycle Center
Many auto parts stores, quick lubes, and local recycling centers accept used oil for recycling. Pour the oil back into clean containers and drop it off. Call ahead to confirm they accept do-it-yourselfer oil. Many municipalities prohibit putting oil in curbside recycling bins.
Parts Store Oil Bank
Major auto parts chains have free used oil collection tanks called “oil banks” at some locations. Drain the used oil at home, then fill up provided jugs to bring to the store oil bank for disposal. This allows you to recycle oil easily next time you pick up parts.
Hazmat Collection
Check with your local hazardous waste authority regarding household hazmat collection days. These events are for safely disposing of toxic automotive fluids and other hazardous materials. Make sure to transport and handle used oil properly.
Authorized Collector
In some areas, private companies are authorized to collect used oil for bulk recycling. Search for licensed used oil collectors in your state to utilize their disposal services for a small fee. Always verify collectors are properly certified.
Conclusion
With the right preparation and tools, you can save money by changing your vehicle’s oil at home. Make sure you have the essential equipment – oil filter wrench, drain pan, funnel, jack, socket wrench, and fresh oil. Optional tools like filter cap wrenches, pumps, and ramps can also help.
Follow safety precautions during the oil change. Allow enough time so you don’t feel rushed. Refer to your manual for the specific steps required on your vehicle. Once finished, responsibly dispose of the used oil through recycling options in your area. Take pride in gaining hands-on experience maintaining your vehicle!