Why is my vinyl plank flooring buckling?

Vinyl plank flooring has become an increasingly popular flooring choice in recent years due to its durable, waterproof, and low-maintenance qualities. However, one issue that can occur with vinyl plank flooring is buckling, or when the planks lift up and become uneven. This not only causes an unsightly appearance but can also present tripping hazards. So what causes vinyl plank flooring to buckle? There are several potential reasons.

Improper Installation

One of the most common causes of buckling vinyl plank flooring is improper installation. Vinyl plank flooring expands and contracts slightly with temperature changes. Therefore, the planks need to have a small gap between them to allow for this movement. If the planks are installed too tightly without enough space, they can buckle up against each other when the temperature rises. Here are some key installation guidelines to prevent buckling:

• Leave a 3/8 inch expansion gap between the flooring and all walls and vertical surfaces. The gap allows the floor space to expand and contract.
• Stagger the planks in a brickwork pattern. Adjacent planks should be staggered by at least 6 inches rather than lining up squarely.
• Follow the spacing requirements between end joints specified by the manufacturer, usually a minimum of 6-12 inches between end joints on adjacent planks.
• Use spacing wedges during installation and remove them afterwards.
• Acclimate the planks to the room temperature for at least 48 hours before installing.

Not following these guidelines can mean the planks are laid too tightly and have no room to expand, resulting in buckling issues down the road. Having a professional installer following the manufacturer’s guidelines can help avoid installation mistakes.

Extreme Temperature Changes

While vinyl plank flooring is designed to handle normal contraction and expansion from temperatures, extreme temperature swings can still cause problems. Significant buckling is more likely to happen when there are rapid, large temperature changes in the area where the vinyl flooring is installed. For example, if a home is kept very cold in winter and then the heat is turned up substantially for a party, the quick temperature change could lead to buckling. Here are some tips to minimize extreme temperature issues:

• Maintain a relatively stable temperature range in the home, avoiding drastic temperature swings.
• Install the vinyl plank flooring away from direct sunlight areas like sunrooms that get very hot during the day. The direct sun can create hotspots and uneven temperatures.
• Use curtains or blinds on windows to block intense sunlight during the hottest parts of the day.
• Run ceiling fans to promote air circulation and prevent hot spots.
• Use area rugs in entryways or zones that experience more extreme temperature changes.

While some natural expansion and contraction should be expected, keeping temperature fluctuations to a minimum can help prevent excessive buckling.

Moisture Problems

Trapped moisture below the vinyl planks is another common culprit of buckling issues. Moisture can become trapped under the flooring from spills, leaks, flooding, or high humidity. When the moisture becomes trapped and cannot evaporate properly, it can cause the planks to swell and buckle up. Preventing moisture issues comes down to proper preparation and maintenance:

• Test the subfloor moisture content before installation and ensure it is within specs per the manufacturer, usually less than 3-4% moisture content.
• Use a moisture barrier like a 6 mil plastic sheet between the subfloor and vinyl planks.
• Seal any cracks in the subfloor to prevent moisture seeping up from below.
• Avoid installing vinyl plank flooring in basements, bathrooms or other damp areas prone to moisture.
• Immediately clean up any spills or flooding to prevent water getting under the planks.
• Maintain proper humidity levels in the home between 30-50%.
• Periodically lift planks and check for any signs of moisture or condensation buildup underneath.

Catching and addressing moisture issues promptly is key to prevent moisture damage and buckling.

Heavy Objects or Furniture

Placing excessively heavy objects or furniture on top of vinyl plank flooring can also cause buckling issues over time. The immense weight presses down on the planks and causes them to warp and lift up around the heavy object. To avoid this:

• Be mindful of furniture placement and avoid concentrating weight in one area.
• Use furniture glides and pads under heavy furniture legs to distribute the weight more evenly.
• Rearrange furniture periodically to allow the vinyl planks to relax.
• Avoid high heel shoes indoors which can concentrate force and dent planks.

Distributing weight minimizes concentrated pressure on the flooring to prevent buckling.

Subfloor Issues

In some cases, problems with the subfloor beneath the vinyl planks can manifest as buckling issues. A subfloor that is uneven, damaged, or improperly prepared can cause the vinyl planks above them to warp and lift up. Here are some key subfloor tips:

• Make sure the subfloor is completely level and remediate any low or uneven spots.
• Repair any cracked, chipped or damaged areas of the subfloor.
• Ensure the subfloor is structurally sound and does not have excessive movement or flex.
• Only install over concrete subfloors that have cured for at least 60 days.
• For wood subfloors, check for any loose boards or squeaks and re-nail as needed.

Preparing and evening out the subfloor prior to installation provides a smooth, stable base for the vinyl flooring that can help prevent buckling issues.

How to Fix Buckling Vinyl Planks

If you notice areas where your vinyl plank flooring is beginning to buckle, there are some steps you can take to try remedying the issue:

1. Remove any furniture or heavy objects from the area and see if the planks flatten back down after a few days. If so, the heavy weight was likely the cause.
2. Use a fan and dehumidifier to dry out any moisture under the flooring. Stop using the area for 48 hours to allow it to dry fully.
3. For minor buckling, place weighted objects like cans on top of the area overnight to re-adhere the planks back down.
4. For more severe buckling, detach the planks carefully starting from the wall side using a pry bar. Check for moisture and re-install the planks properly with adequate spacing.
5. Alternatively, replace severely buckled planks or sections entirely with new planks as needed.

It’s best to consult a flooring professional for buckling issues that cover a large area or persist despite your efforts. They can inspect for the cause and repair or replace planks as needed.

How to Prevent Vinyl Plank Flooring from Buckling

Preventing vinyl plank flooring buckling starts with proper installation and maintenance:

• Hire a qualified professional installer and ensure they follow the manufacturer’s installation guidelines.
• Thoroughly check and prepare the subfloor prior to installing vinyl planks.
• Maintain normal temperature and humidity ranges in the home.
• Protect floors from excess moisture by sealing subfloors, fixing leaks promptly, and avoiding wet areas.
• Use furniture pads, glides and lift heavy furniture when moving.
• Limit direct hot sunlight exposure on the flooring.

With proper care, vinyl plank flooring can remain beautifully flat and buckle-free for many years.

Conclusion

Vinyl plank flooring offers gorgeous, durable floors when properly installed and maintained. But buckling planks can detract from its attractive appearance. By understanding the common causes of buckling and how to remedy them, you can keep your vinyl plank flooring in peak condition for longer. Addressing any issues promptly can help minimize more extensive repairs down the road. With some preventative maintenance and care, you can enjoy stable, flat vinyl plank flooring that stands the test of time.