Why is my windshield wiper fluid not spraying out?

Quick Answers

There are a few common reasons why your windshield wiper fluid may not be spraying properly:

• The fluid reservoir is empty and needs to be refilled.
• There is a clog or blockage in the spray nozzles or hoses.
• The pump that pressurizes the fluid is not working.
• There is a problem with the wiper fluid tubing or connections.
• The spray nozzles are damaged or worn out.

Before troubleshooting the no spray issue, make sure you have enough wiper fluid in the reservoir under the hood. Use the manufacturer recommended fluid for your vehicle.

Check the condition of the spray nozzles located on the wiper arms. Clean any dirt or debris clogging the nozzles. Damaged nozzles should be replaced.

Inspect the wiper fluid hoses and tubing for kinks, cracks, or blockages. Make sure the connections are secure.

If the above items check out, the issue could be with the wiper fluid pump. The pump pressurizes the fluid to spray out of the nozzles. A faulty pump will need to be replaced.

Read on for more detailed troubleshooting tips on diagnosing your wiper spray problem.

What is Windshield Wiper Fluid?

Windshield wiper fluid is a liquid solution designed to be sprayed onto the windshield to improve visibility while driving. It contains three main ingredients:

• Water – Provides the bulk of the liquid solution
• Detergent – Helps cut through dirt and grime on the windshield
• Antifreeze – Prevents freezing in cold temperatures

Additional additives like bug wash, de-icers, and scents may also be included in certain windshield washer fluid formulations.

The fluid is stored in a reservoir tank under the hood and can be refilled by opening the cap. A small electric pump pressurizes the liquid and sprays it out of nozzles mounted near the base of the windshield wiper arms.

Windshield washer fluid is an important component for safe driving visibility. It helps clear dirt, grime, salt, snow, and ice from the windshield when using the wipers.

What Causes the Wiper Fluid to Stop Spraying?

There are several possible causes if your windshield wiper fluid has stopped spraying properly:

1. Empty Washer Fluid Reservoir

The most common reason your wipers won’t spray is because the fluid reservoir has run dry. The reservoir is usually a translucent plastic tank that holds around 1-2 gallons of fluid.

Check the reservoir under the hood to see if it needs to be refilled. Refill it with the type of fluid recommended in your owner’s manual.

2. Clogged or Obstructed Spray Nozzles

The spray nozzles can get clogged over time with debris or calcium deposits from hard water preventing fluid from spraying.

Carefully clean the nozzles located near the base of the wiper arms using a needle or small pin. Make sure the nozzle holes are clear.

You can also try cleaning with an air compressor or pressurized can of computer keyboard cleaner. Replacement nozzles are inexpensive if too worn or damaged.

3. Pinched or Disconnected Fluid Hoses

The hoses that carry fluid from the reservoir to the nozzles can become pinched, crimped, cracked or disconnected.

Inspect the rubber fluid hoses visually and physically for any kinks, cracks or blockages. Check that the connections at both ends are tight and secure.

4. Faulty Washer Fluid Pump

Most vehicles have an electric fluid pump to pressurize the system. The pump can wear out over time and fail to pressurize and spray the fluid.

Listen near the reservoir when you activate the wipers. If you don’t hear the pump buzzing, it may need to be replaced.

5. Damaged Wiper Arms

The wiper arm ball joints or pivot shafts can become worn or damaged, preventing them from sweeping properly across the windshield. This can impact the optimal spray pattern.

Check for excessive looseness or “flopping” of the wiper arms when running. Tighten or replace damaged arms as needed.

How to Troubleshoot and Fix the Problem

Follow these troubleshooting steps to diagnose and fix no or low washer fluid spray:

Step 1 – Refill the Washer Fluid

The first step is to open the hood and check if the fluid reservoir is empty or low. The tank will typically have markings on the side indicating minimum and maximum fill levels.

Top up the reservoir with new fluid formulated for the current season. Use an antifreeze type fluid in cold temperatures.

Step 2 – Clean or Replace Spray Nozzles

Check for clogged nozzles by looking for dirt or debris buildup on the tips. Carefully clean with a pin or needle.

If nozzles are damaged, pick up an inexpensive replacement set that comes with a snap-in rubber grommet.

Step 3 – Inspect the Fluid Hoses and Connections

Check for cracked, loose or kinked hoses leading from the reservoir to the nozzles. Tighten any loose connections. Replace damaged hoses.

Also check that the small plastic or rubber grommets around the nozzles are present and intact. Missing grommets can cause leaks.

Step 4 – Test the Washer Fluid Pump

Turn the wipers on and activate the spray while listening near the reservoir. If the pump is not buzzing, it likely needs to be replaced.

First check the pump electrical connectors before replacing the whole unit. Make sure they are not damaged or corroded.

Step 5 – Check the Wiper Arms and Blades

Inspect wiper arms and blades for excessive play in the joints or pivot shafts. Verify they sweep smoothly across the entire windshield.

Replace wiper blades that are worn, cracked or leave streaks. Tighten or replace loose or defective wiper arms.

Additional Troubleshooting Tips

Here are some additional things to check if you are still experiencing no or poor spray after basic troubleshooting:

• Try activating the spray while holding the nozzle end of the hose. If spray comes out, it points to an issue between the pump and nozzles.
• Tap lightly on the pump and listen for a buzzing noise to check if the pump motor is seized up.
• Remove the reservoir cap and activate the spray to rule out venting issues.
• Check fuses related to the washer fluid system.
• Inspect the intake filter on the fluid reservoir if equipped.

Replacement parts like pumps, nozzles, and hoses are inexpensive and easy to source online or at auto parts stores if needed.

Preventing Future Wiper Fluid Problems

You can take a few simple steps to help prevent windshield washer problems in the future:

• Refill the fluid regularly and before it runs completely empty.
• Check fluid levels at least monthly.
• Remove nozzles and flush hoses annually to clear debris.
• Check hoses and pumps for signs of wear or cracking.
• Use cleaning sprays made to dissolve calcium deposits.
• Always use fluid formulated for your climate.

Catching issues early before components fail can save you time and money on repairs down the road.

When to Call a Mechanic

Consider enlisting a professional mechanic if you have tried the above troubleshooting without success. A mechanic has specialized tools and expertise available to properly diagnose and fix the problem.

Signs it may be time to call for repairs include:

• Pump is not activating at all when sprayer is turned on.
• No noises coming from the pump motor area.
• Noticeable splits or cracks in hoses and connections.
• Fluid leaks visible under the car.
• Intermittent or erratic spray performance.

They can determine if electrical components like pumps have failed and need replacement. Most mechanics can quickly and economically fix windshield washer problems.

Cost to Repair Windshield Washer Problems

The cost to repair a windshield washer issue can vary quite a bit depending on the specific problem and parts needed. Here are some estimates:

Washer Fluid Reservoir Replacement

• Parts – $15 – $40
• Labor Time – 0.5 hour
• Total Cost – $50 – $100

Washer Fluid Pump Replacement

• Parts – $15 – $50
• Labor Time – 0.5 hour
• Total Cost – $50 – $150

Washer Fluid Hose Replacement

• Parts – $5 – $15 per hose
• Labor Time – 0.5 hour
• Total Cost – $50 – $100

Keep in mind labor time estimates can vary depending on vehicle make and model. Talk to your mechanic to get an accurate quote for your specific car.

FAQs – No Windshield Washer Spray

Here are answers to some frequently asked questions about fixing windshield washer problems:

Why does my washer fluid spray intermittently?

Intermittent spraying is typically caused by a partial blockage or pinched hose. Refill fluid, clean nozzles, and inspect hoses for damage that may be preventing consistent spray.

What color should windshield washer fluid be?

Washer fluid is sold in different colors like blue, yellow, neon green. Color does not affect performance. Blue dye is added to help spot leaks.

Can I mix different types of washer fluid?

It’s best to avoid mixing different formulations. Use the single recommended type for your climate. Mixing summer and winter blends causes poor cleaning performance.

Is washer fluid toxic to pets?

Washer fluid contains methanol which is highly toxic to humans and animals. Keep vehicles topped off to decrease risk of leaks and spills.

How do I know if the washer pump is working?

Turn on the wipers and listen near the reservoir for a buzzing sound. No noise likely indicates a failed pump. Some pumps may cycle on and off.

Conclusion

When your windshield washer fluid stops spraying correctly, it’s frustrating and impairs visibility while driving. In most cases, the problem can be readily fixed by refilling fluid, cleaning nozzles, or replacing affordable components like hoses and pumps.

Follow the troubleshooting tips to determine the cause on your vehicle. Proper windshield washer operation is a simple and inexpensive repair that should not be ignored.